DBMS > Dgraph vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Vitess

System Properties Comparison Dgraph vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Vitess

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.

Scalable, distributed, cloud-native DBMS, extending MySQL

Primary database model

Graph DBMS

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.39
Rank	#155	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	2.69
Rank	#101	Overall
	#51	Relational DBMS

Score	0.86
Rank	#202	Overall
	#95	Relational DBMS

Website

dgraph.io

cloud.google.com/spanner

vitess.io

Technical documentation

dgraph.io/docs

cloud.google.com/spanner/docs

vitess.io/docs

Developer

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

Google

The Linux Foundation, PlanetScale

Initial release

2016

2017

2013

Current release

15.0.2, December 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0, commercial licenses available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Windows

hosted

Docker
Linux
macOS

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

Query statements complying to ANSI 2011

yes

with proprietary extensions

APIs and other access methods

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC

At present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API

ADO.NET
JDBC
MySQL protocol
ODBC

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

proprietary syntax

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

yes

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Synchronous replication via Raft

Multi-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

using Google Cloud Dataflow

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency across shards
Immediate Consistency within a shard

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

by using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrity

yes

not for MyISAM storage engine

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Strict serializable isolation

ACID at shard level

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

table locks or row locks depending on storage engine

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Planned for future releases

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

Users with fine-grained authorization concept

no user groups or roles

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More resources

Recent citations in the news

Dgraph on AWS: Setting up a horizontally scalable graph database
1 September 2020, AWS Blog

Dgraph raises $11.5 million for scalable graph database solutions
31 July 2019, VentureBeat

Graph Database Market size to grow by USD 7.40 billion between 2022 - 2027 | Growth Driven by Lack of standardization and programming flexibility - Technavio
13 December 2023, Yahoo Finance

Dgraph Rises to the Top Graph Database on GitHub With 11 G2 Badges and 11M Downloads
26 May 2021, Business Wire

provided by Google News

Google Cloud Spanner gets dual-region configuration option
23 July 2024, InfoWorld

Google Cloud adds graph and vector search features to Spanner database
2 August 2024, Techzine Europe

Google Cloud Enhances Spanner with Dual-Region Configuration
1 August 2024, InfoQ.com

New features make Google's Spanner a database for AI
1 August 2024, TechTarget

Google Cloud expands its database portfolio with new AI capabilities
1 August 2024, TechCrunch

provided by Google News

Deepthi Sigireddi on Distributed Database Architecture in the Cloud Native Era
20 May 2024, InfoQ.com

They scaled YouTube — now they’ll shard everyone with PlanetScale
13 December 2018, TechCrunch

PlanetScale Unveils Distributed MySQL Database Service Based on Vitess
18 May 2021, Datanami

CNCF’s Vitess Scales MySQL with the Help of Kubernetes
9 February 2018, The New Stack

PlanetScale Announces $30M Series B Funding to Accelerate Adoption of Instantly Provisioned and Infinitely Scalable Database
23 June 2021, Business Wire

provided by Google News

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