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DBMS > dBASE vs. Dgraph vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Spark SQL

System Properties Comparison dBASE vs. Dgraph vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Spark SQL

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NamedBASE  Xexclude from comparisonDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptiondBase was one of the first databases with a development environment on PC's. Its latest version dBase V is still sold as dBase classic, which needs a DOS Emulation. The up-to-date product is dBase plus.Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMSA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Spark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score11.18
Rank#44  Overall
#28  Relational DBMS
Score1.48
Rank#158  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score2.89
Rank#105  Overall
#53  Relational DBMS
Score19.15
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.dbase.comdgraph.iocloud.google.com/­spannerspark.apache.org/­sql
Technical documentationwww.dbase.com/­support/­knowledgebasedgraph.io/­docscloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.html
DeveloperAsthon TateDgraph Labs, Inc.GoogleApache Software Foundation
Initial release1979201620172014
Current releasedBASE 2019, 20193.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageGoScala
Server operating systemsDOS infodBase Classic
Windows infodBase Pro
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011SQL-like DML and DDL statements
APIs and other access methodsnone infoThe IDE can access other DBMS or ODBC-sources.GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesdBase proprietary IDEC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Java
Python
R
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresno infoThe IDE can access stored procedures in other database systems.nonono
Triggersnononono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneyesShardingyes, utilizing Spark Core
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneSynchronous replication via RaftMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.none
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflow
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infonot for dBase internal data, but IDE does support transactions when accessing external DBMSACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolationno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and rolesno infoPlanned for future releasesAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)no

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dBASEDgraphGoogle Cloud SpannerSpark SQL
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