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DBMS > Dgraph vs. Firebolt vs. Hive vs. PostgreSQL vs. TiDB

System Properties Comparison Dgraph vs. Firebolt vs. Hive vs. PostgreSQL vs. TiDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonFirebolt  Xexclude from comparisonHive  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonTiDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSHighly scalable cloud data warehouse and analytics product infoForked from Clickhousedata warehouse software for querying and managing large distributed datasets, built on HadoopWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLTiDB is an open source distributed SQL database that supports Hybrid Transactional/Analytical Processing (HTAP) workloads. It is MySQL compatible and features horizontal scalability, strong consistency, and high availability.
Primary database modelGraph DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Document store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.53
Rank#164  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score2.16
Rank#130  Overall
#62  Relational DBMS
Score64.82
Rank#18  Overall
#12  Relational DBMS
Score634.91
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score5.14
Rank#75  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Websitedgraph.iowww.firebolt.iohive.apache.orgwww.postgresql.orgpingcap.com
Technical documentationdgraph.io/­docsdocs.firebolt.iocwiki.apache.org/­confluence/­display/­Hive/­Homewww.postgresql.org/­docsdocs.pingcap.com/­tidb/­stable
DeveloperDgraph Labs, Inc.Firebolt Analytics Inc.Apache Software Foundation infoinitially developed by FacebookPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerPingCAP, Inc.
Initial release2016202020121989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2016
Current release3.1.3, April 202216.2, February 20247.6.0, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.TiDB Cloud: Fully-managed TiDB Service. Bring everything great about TiDB to the cloud.
Implementation languageGoJavaCGo, Rust
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedAll OS with a Java VMFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyesSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyes
APIs and other access methodsGraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
.Net
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
Thrift
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
GORM
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
SQLAlchemy
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Go
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C++
Java
PHP
Python
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.no
Triggersnononoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesyesShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashhorizontal partitioning (by key range)
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSynchronous replication via Raftdepending on storage layerselectable replication factorSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsUsing Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infoquery execution via MapReducenoyes infowith TiSpark Connector
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesyes infofull support since version 6.6
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlno infoPlanned for future releasesAccess rights for users, groups and rolesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardFine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
DgraphFireboltHivePostgreSQLTiDB
Specific characteristicsTiDB is an advanced open-source, distributed SQL database for modern application...
» more
Competitive advantages- HORIZONTAL SCALING : TiDB grants total transparency into your data workloads without...
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Typical application scenariosTiDB is ideal for transactional applications that require extreme scalability and...
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Key customersBlock, Pinterest, Catalyst, Bolt, Flipkart, Capcom, Shopee (E-commerce), JD Cloud...
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Market metrics34K+ GitHub stars 5K+ members in TiDB Community Slack 1K+ community contributors...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsTiDB Community : Free open source software (Apache 2.0) TiDB Self-Hosted : Enterprise...
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