DBMS > Dgraph vs. Elasticsearch vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison Dgraph vs. Elasticsearch vs. TimesTen

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

A distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene

Elasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metric

An in-memory SQL relational database that delivers microsecond response and high throughput for OLTP applications. TimesTen can be deployed as a standalone database or as a cache to a backend Oracle database.

Primary database model

Graph DBMS

Search engine
Vector DBMS

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.25
Rank	#160	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	123.81
Rank	#9	Overall
	#1	Search engines
	#1	Vector DBMS

Score	1.14
Rank	#170	Overall
	#76	Relational DBMS

Website

dgraph.io

www.elastic.co/elasticsearch

www.oracle.com/database/technologies/related/timesten.html

Technical documentation

dgraph.io/docs

www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/index.html

docs.oracle.com/en/database/other-databases/timesten/index.html

Developer

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

Elastic

Oracle

originally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005

Initial release

2016

2010

1998

Current release

8.6, January 2023

Release 22.1

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Elastic License

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

IBM AIX Power PC 64-bit
Linux arm64
Linux x86-64
Solaris SPARC 64
Solaris SPARC/x86
Solaris x86-64

Data scheme

schema-free

Flexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistent

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

All search fields are automatically indexed

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language

yes

APIs and other access methods

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Pro*C/C++ programming interfaces
SQL and PL/SQL via JDBC

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

C
C++
Java
Node.js
PL/SQL
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

PL/SQL

Triggers

yes

by using the 'percolation' feature

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

yes

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Synchronous replication via Raft

yes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

ES-Hadoop Connector

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Synchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, all

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

by means of logfiles and checkpoints

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

Memcached and Redis integration

yes

User concepts

Access control

Planned for future releases

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

PostgreSQL is the DBMS of the Year 2017
2 January 2018, Paul Andlinger, Matthias Gelbmann

Elasticsearch moved into the top 10 most popular database management systems
3 July 2017, Matthias Gelbmann

MySQL, PostgreSQL and Redis are the winners of the March ranking
2 March 2016, Paul Andlinger

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Recent citations in the news

Dgraph on AWS: Setting up a horizontally scalable graph database
1 September 2020, Amazon Web Services

Dgraph raises $11.5 million for scalable graph database solutions
31 July 2019, VentureBeat

Top Open Source Graph Databases
3 June 2024, MarkTechPost

Startup Dgraph Labs growing graph database technology
1 August 2019, TechTarget

provided by Google News

OpenSearch in 2025: Much more than an Elasticsearch fork
28 April 2025, InfoWorld

Amazon OpenSearch Service announces Standard and Extended Support dates for Elasticsearch and OpenSearch versions
7 November 2024, Amazon Web Services

Elasticsearch will be open source again as CTO declares changed landscape
2 September 2024, devclass

Elasticsearch Now Available as a Native Grounding Engine on Google Cloud’s Vertex AI Platform
9 April 2025, Business Wire

Elasticsearch Was Great, But Vector Databases Are the Future
18 November 2024, The New Stack

provided by Google News

Oracle starts peddling Exalytics in-memory appliance
12 March 2012, theregister.com

provided by Google News

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