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DBMS > Dgraph vs. Elasticsearch vs. PostgreSQL

System Properties Comparison Dgraph vs. Elasticsearch vs. PostgreSQL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL
Primary database modelGraph DBMSSearch engineRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.48
Rank#158  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score134.78
Rank#7  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score645.05
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websitedgraph.iowww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchwww.postgresql.org
Technical documentationdgraph.io/­docswww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmlwww.postgresql.org/­docs
DeveloperDgraph Labs, Inc.ElasticPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer
Initial release201620101989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL
Current release8.6, January 202316.2, February 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoElastic LicenseOpen Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
Implementation languageGoJavaC
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VMFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesyesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL-like query languageyes infostandard with numerous extensions
APIs and other access methodsGraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyesuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
Triggersnoyes infoby using the 'percolation' featureyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesyesShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSynchronous replication via RaftyesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensions
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoES-Hadoop Connectorno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.Memcached and Redis integrationno
User concepts infoAccess controlno infoPlanned for future releasesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
DgraphElasticsearchPostgreSQL
DB-Engines blog posts

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Conferences, events and webinars

Monitoring PostgreSQL with Redgate Monitor
Webinar, 10-11am CT / 4-5pm BST, 22 May 2024

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Dgraph on AWS: Setting up a horizontally scalable graph database | Amazon Web Services
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