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DBMS > Derby vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Newts vs. SpatiaLite

System Properties Comparison Derby vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Newts vs. SpatiaLite

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NameDerby infooften called Apache Derby, originally IBM Cloudscape; contained in the Java SDK as JavaDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonNewts  Xexclude from comparisonSpatiaLite  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Fully managed big data interactive analytics platformTime Series DBMS based on CassandraSpatial extension of SQLite
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedTime Series DBMSSpatial DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score5.30
Rank#66  Overall
#36  Relational DBMS
Score5.16
Rank#69  Overall
#37  Relational DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#396  Overall
#42  Time Series DBMS
Score1.72
Rank#149  Overall
#3  Spatial DBMS
Websitedb.apache.org/­derbyazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-exploreropennms.github.io/­newtswww.gaia-gis.it/­fossil/­libspatialite/­index
Technical documentationdb.apache.org/­derby/­manuals/­index.htmldocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorergithub.com/­OpenNMS/­newts/­wikiwww.gaia-gis.it/­gaia-sins/­spatialite_topics.html
DeveloperApache Software FoundationMicrosoftOpenNMS GroupAlessandro Furieri
Initial release1997201920142008
Current release10.17.1.0, November 2023cloud service with continuous releases5.0.0, August 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2commercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoMPL 1.1, GPL v2.0 or LGPL v2.1
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJavaC++
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMhostedLinux
OS X
Windows
server-less
Data schemeyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)schema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyesnono
Secondary indexesyesall fields are automatically indexednoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetnoyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBCMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
HTTP REST
Java API
Supported programming languagesJava.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresJava Stored ProceduresYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Rnono
Triggersyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicynoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding infobased on Cassandranone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replicationyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.selectable replication factor infobased on Cassandranone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Eventual Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnonoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAzure Active Directory Authenticationnono

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More resources
Derby infooften called Apache Derby, originally IBM Cloudscape; contained in the Java SDK as JavaDBMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerNewtsSpatiaLite
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