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DBMS > Derby vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Microsoft Azure Table Storage vs. Stardog

System Properties Comparison Derby vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Microsoft Azure Table Storage vs. Stardog

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDerby infooften called Apache Derby, originally IBM Cloudscape; contained in the Java SDK as JavaDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Table Storage  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database serviceDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerA Wide Column Store for rapid development using massive semi-structured datasetsEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMSWide column storeGraph DBMS
RDF store
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score5.96
Rank#63  Overall
#36  Relational DBMS
Score30.39
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Score78.51
Rank#15  Overall
#10  Relational DBMS
Score5.35
Rank#71  Overall
#6  Wide column stores
Score2.03
Rank#136  Overall
#12  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Websitedb.apache.org/­derbyazure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-dbazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databaseazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­services/­storage/­tableswww.stardog.com
Technical documentationdb.apache.org/­derby/­manuals/­index.htmllearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-dbdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqldocs.stardog.com
DeveloperApache Software FoundationMicrosoftMicrosoftMicrosoftStardog-Union
Initial release19972014201020122010
Current release10.17.1.0, November 2023V127.3.0, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2commercialcommercialcommercialcommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesyesyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaC++Java
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMhostedhostedhostedLinux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesschema-freeschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infoJSON typesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyesnono infoImport/export of XML data possible
Secondary indexesyesyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by defaultyesnoyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesSQL-like query languageyesnoYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server
APIs and other access methodsJDBCDocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP APIGraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languagesJava.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresJava Stored ProceduresJavaScriptTransact SQLnouser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java
TriggersyesJavaScriptyesnoyes infovia event handlers
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replicationyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceyes, with always 3 replicas availableyes infoimplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Multi-source replication in HA-Cluster
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnowith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*nonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in HA-Cluster
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesnoyes inforelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partitionACIDoptimistic lockingACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights can be defined down to the item levelfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights based on private key authentication or shared access signaturesAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
Derby infooften called Apache Derby, originally IBM Cloudscape; contained in the Java SDK as JavaDBMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureMicrosoft Azure Table StorageStardog
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