DBMS > Derby vs. Immudb vs. Ingres vs. Trafodion

System Properties Comparison Derby vs. Immudb vs. Ingres vs. Trafodion

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Apache Trafodion has been retired in 2021. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.

Description

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

An open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.

Well established RDBMS

Transactional SQL-on-Hadoop DBMS

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	5.30
Rank	#66	Overall
	#36	Relational DBMS

Score	0.25
Rank	#307	Overall
	#43	Key-value stores

Score	4.67
Rank	#77	Overall
	#42	Relational DBMS

Website

db.apache.org/derby

github.com/codenotary/immudb
immudb.io

www.actian.com/databases/ingres

trafodion.apache.org

Technical documentation

db.apache.org/derby/manuals/index.html

docs.immudb.io

docs.actian.com/ingres

trafodion.apache.org/documentation.html

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Codenotary

Actian Corporation

Apache Software Foundation, originally developed by HP

Initial release

1997

2020

1974

originally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s

2014

Current release

10.17.1.0, November 2023

1.2.3, April 2022

11.2, May 2022

2.3.0, February 2019

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache version 2

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C++, Java

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

BSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

AIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows

Linux

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

but tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files available

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL-like syntax

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC

gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol

.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

Java

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/ADO.Net

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Java Stored Procedures

yes

Java Stored Procedures

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

horizontal partitioning

Ingres Star to access multiple databases simultaneously

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Source-replica replication

Ingres Replicator

yes, via HBase

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

via user defined functions and HBase

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

MVCC

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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