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DBMS > Derby vs. H2 vs. HyperSQL

System Properties Comparison Derby vs. H2 vs. HyperSQL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDerby infooften called Apache Derby, originally IBM Cloudscape; contained in the Java SDK as JavaDB  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Multithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java infoalso known as HSQLDB
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score6.59
Rank#63  Overall
#35  Relational DBMS
Score8.40
Rank#53  Overall
#33  Relational DBMS
Score5.15
Rank#81  Overall
#44  Relational DBMS
Websitedb.apache.org/­derbywww.h2database.comhsqldb.org
Technical documentationdb.apache.org/­derby/­manuals/­index.htmlwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlhsqldb.org/­web/­hsqlDocsFrame.html
DeveloperApache Software FoundationThomas Mueller
Initial release199720052001
Current release10.16.1.1, May 20222.1.210, January 20222.7.1, October 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infobased on BSD license
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJavaJava
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMAll OS with a Java VMAll OS with a Java VM infoEmbedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modes
Data schemeyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnono
Secondary indexesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyesyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBCJDBC
ODBC
HTTP API infoJDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesJavaJavaAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresJava Stored ProceduresJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined FunctionsJava, SQL
Triggersyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replicationWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databasenone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Derby infooften called Apache Derby, originally IBM Cloudscape; contained in the Java SDK as JavaDBH2HyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDB
Recent citations in the news

Apache Derby - Market Share, Competitor Insights in Relational Databases
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Apache Derby | IntelliJ IDEA Documentation
5 December 2022, jetbrains.com

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29 March 2023, intelligenttechchannels.com

Java DB drivers are not referencing correct Derby classes · Issue #5676 · apache/netbeans
18 March 2023, github.com

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26 February 2023, JFrog

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