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DBMS > Derby vs. GraphDB vs. SpatiaLite vs. TDengine vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison Derby vs. GraphDB vs. SpatiaLite vs. TDengine vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDerby infooften called Apache Derby, originally IBM Cloudscape; contained in the Java SDK as JavaDB  Xexclude from comparisonGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIM  Xexclude from comparisonSpatiaLite  Xexclude from comparisonTDengine  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Enterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.Spatial extension of SQLiteTime Series DBMS and big data platformVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Spatial DBMSTime Series DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMSRelational DBMSSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score5.30
Rank#66  Overall
#36  Relational DBMS
Score3.10
Rank#100  Overall
#7  Graph DBMS
#4  RDF stores
Score1.72
Rank#149  Overall
#3  Spatial DBMS
Score2.68
Rank#109  Overall
#8  Time Series DBMS
Score4.20
Rank#83  Overall
#14  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#45  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websitedb.apache.org/­derbywww.ontotext.comwww.gaia-gis.it/­fossil/­libspatialite/­indexgithub.com/­taosdata/­TDengine
tdengine.com
virtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationdb.apache.org/­derby/­manuals/­index.htmlgraphdb.ontotext.com/­documentationwww.gaia-gis.it/­gaia-sins/­spatialite_topics.htmldocs.tdengine.comdocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHubMedium
DeveloperApache Software FoundationOntotextAlessandro FurieriTDEngine, previously Taos DataOpenLink Software
Initial release19972000200820191998
Current release10.17.1.0, November 202310.4, October 20235.0.0, August 20203.0, August 20227.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2commercial infoSome plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourcedOpen Source infoMPL 1.1, GPL v2.0 or LGPL v2.1Open Source infoGPL V3, also commercial editions availableOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaJavaC++CC
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMAll OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows
server-lessLinux
Windows
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapesyesyesyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnononoyes
Secondary indexesyesyes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesstored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBCyesStandard SQL with extensions for time-series applicationsyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsJDBCGeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1
JDBC
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languagesJava.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Rust
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresJava Stored Procedureswell-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibilitynonoyes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersyesnoyesyes, via alarm monitoringyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenonenoneShardingyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replicationMulti-source replicationnoneyesChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyes infoConstraint checkingyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardDefault Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.noyesFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
Derby infooften called Apache Derby, originally IBM Cloudscape; contained in the Java SDK as JavaDBGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMSpatiaLiteTDengineVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsOntotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
» more
TDengine™ is a next generation data historian purpose-built for Industry 4.0 and...
» more
Virtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesGraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
» more
High Performance at any Scale: TDengine is purpose-built for handling massive industrial...
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Performance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
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Typical application scenariosMetadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
» more
TDengine is designed for Industrial IoT scenarios, including: Manufacturing Connected...
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Used for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customers​ GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
» more
Broad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsGraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
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TDengine has garnered over 22,500 stars on GitHub and is used in over 50 countries...
» more
Largest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
» more
TDengine OSS is an open source, cloud native time series database. It includes built-in...
» more
Available in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
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Derby infooften called Apache Derby, originally IBM Cloudscape; contained in the Java SDK as JavaDBGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMSpatiaLiteTDengineVirtuoso
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