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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Derby vs. Dgraph vs. EsgynDB vs. Google Cloud Bigtable

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Derby vs. Dgraph vs. EsgynDB vs. Google Cloud Bigtable

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonDerby infooften called Apache Derby, originally IBM Cloudscape; contained in the Java SDK as JavaDB  Xexclude from comparisonDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonEsgynDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMSEnterprise-class SQL-on-Hadoop solution, powered by Apache TrafodionGoogle's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value store
Wide column store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score14.03
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score5.30
Rank#66  Overall
#36  Relational DBMS
Score1.48
Rank#158  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score0.23
Rank#319  Overall
#141  Relational DBMS
Score3.58
Rank#92  Overall
#14  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Websiteimpala.apache.orgdb.apache.org/­derbydgraph.iowww.esgyn.cncloud.google.com/­bigtable
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldb.apache.org/­derby/­manuals/­index.htmldgraph.io/­docscloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaApache Software FoundationDgraph Labs, Inc.EsgynGoogle
Initial release20131997201620152015
Current release4.1.0, June 202210.17.1.0, November 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++JavaGoC++, Java
Server operating systemsLinuxAll OS with a Java VMLinux
OS X
Windows
Linuxhosted
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesnonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyesnoyesno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
JDBCGraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCJavaC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/ADO.NetC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceJava Stored ProceduresnoJava Stored Proceduresno
Triggersnoyesnonono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneyesShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorSource-replica replicationSynchronous replication via RaftMulti-source replication between multi datacentersInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zones
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenonoyesyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDACIDAtomic single-row operations
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno infoPlanned for future releasesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

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More resources
Apache ImpalaDerby infooften called Apache Derby, originally IBM Cloudscape; contained in the Java SDK as JavaDBDgraphEsgynDBGoogle Cloud Bigtable
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