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DBMS > Datomic vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Spark SQL vs. Stardog

System Properties Comparison Datomic vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Spark SQL vs. Stardog

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionDatomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processingEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.76
Rank#145  Overall
#66  Relational DBMS
Score78.40
Rank#15  Overall
#10  Relational DBMS
Score19.15
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Score2.05
Rank#129  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Websitewww.datomic.comazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasespark.apache.org/­sqlwww.stardog.com
Technical documentationdocs.datomic.comdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqlspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.htmldocs.stardog.com
DeveloperCognitectMicrosoftApache Software FoundationStardog-Union
Initial release2012201020142010
Current release1.0.6735, June 2023V123.5.0 ( 2.13), September 20237.3.0, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infolimited edition freecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJava, ClojureC++ScalaJava
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMhostedLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesnono infoImport/export of XML data possible
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyesSQL-like DML and DDL statementsYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP APIADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languagesClojure
Java
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Java
Python
R
Scala
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infoTransaction FunctionsTransact SQLnouser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java
TriggersBy using transaction functionsyesnoyes infovia event handlers
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersyes, utilizing Spark Corenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersyes, with always 3 replicas availablenoneMulti-source replication in HA-Cluster
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in HA-Cluster
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnoyes inforelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes inforecommended only for testing and developmentnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
DatomicMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureSpark SQLStardog
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