DBMS > Datomic vs. Kdb vs. OrientDB vs. SQLite

System Properties Comparison Datomic vs. Kdb vs. OrientDB vs. SQLite

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Datomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durability

High performance Time Series DBMS

Multi-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)

Widely used embeddable, in-process RDBMS

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.76
Rank	#145	Overall
	#66	Relational DBMS

Score	7.70
Rank	#53	Overall
	#3	Time Series DBMS
	#1	Vector DBMS

Score	3.27
Rank	#97	Overall
	#16	Document stores
	#6	Graph DBMS
	#15	Key-value stores

Score	116.01
Rank	#10	Overall
	#7	Relational DBMS

Website

Technical documentation

docs.datomic.com

code.kx.com

www.orientdb.com/docs/last/index.html

www.sqlite.org/docs.html

Developer

Cognitect

Kx Systems, a division of First Derivatives plc

OrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAP

Dwayne Richard Hipp

Initial release

2012

2000

kdb was released 2000, kdb+ in 2003

2010

2000

Current release

1.0.6735, June 2023

3.6, May 2018

3.2.29, March 2024

3.45.3 (15 April 2024), April 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

limited edition free

commercial

free 32-bit version

Open Source

Apache version 2

Open Source

Public Domain

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java, Clojure

Java

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

All OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)

server-less

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Schema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")

yes

dynamic column types

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

not rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

table attribute 'grouped'

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language (q)

SQL-like query language, no joins

yes

SQL-92 is not fully supported

APIs and other access methods

RESTful HTTP API

HTTP API
JDBC
Jupyter
Kafka
ODBC
WebSocket

Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

ADO.NET

inofficial driver
JDBC

inofficial driver
ODBC

inofficial driver

Supported programming languages

Clojure
Java

C
C#
C++
Go
J
Java
JavaScript
Lua
MatLab
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Scala

.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Transaction Functions

user defined functions

Java, Javascript

Triggers

By using transaction functions

yes

with views

Hooks

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

horizontal partitioning

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

Source-replica replication

Multi-source replication

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

similar paradigm used for internal processing

could be achieved with distributed queries

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

relationship in graphs

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

via file-system locks

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

recommended only for testing and development

yes

User concepts

Access control

rights management via user accounts

Access rights for users and roles; record level security configurable

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Integrated columnar database & programming system for streaming, real time and historical...
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Competitive advantages

provides seamless scalability; runs on industry standard server platforms; is top-ranked...
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Typical application scenarios

tick database streaming sensor data massive intelligence applications oil and gas...
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Key customers

Goldman Sachs Morgan Stanley Merrill Lynch J.P. Morgan Deutsche Bank IEX Securities...
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Market metrics

kdb+ performance and reliability proven by our customers in critical infrastructure...
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Licensing and pricing models

upon request
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