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DBMS > Datomic vs. FoundationDB vs. LevelDB vs. Lovefield

System Properties Comparison Datomic vs. FoundationDB vs. LevelDB vs. Lovefield

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonLovefield  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionDatomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesEmbeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScript
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Key-value storeRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.76
Rank#145  Overall
#66  Relational DBMS
Score1.07
Rank#188  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#86  Relational DBMS
Score2.75
Rank#107  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score0.32
Rank#290  Overall
#132  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.datomic.comgithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbgithub.com/­google/­leveldbgoogle.github.io/­lovefield
Technical documentationdocs.datomic.comapple.github.io/­foundationdbgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mdgithub.com/­google/­lovefield/­blob/­master/­docs/­spec_index.md
DeveloperCognitectFoundationDBGoogleGoogle
Initial release2012201320112014
Current release1.0.6735, June 20236.2.28, November 20201.23, February 20212.1.12, February 2017
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJava, ClojureC++C++JavaScript
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMLinux
OS X
Windows
Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js) infotested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, Safari
Data schemeyesschema-free infosome layers support schemasschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesno infosome layers support typingnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesyesnonoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnosupported in specific SQL layer onlynoSQL-like query language infovia JavaScript builder pattern
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesClojure
Java
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
JavaScript
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infoTransaction Functionsin SQL-layer onlynono
TriggersBy using transaction functionsnonoUsing read-only observers
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersShardingnonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersyesnonenone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyLinearizable consistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoin SQL-layer onlynoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Database
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes inforecommended only for testing and developmentyes infousing MemoryDB
User concepts infoAccess controlnononono

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More resources
DatomicFoundationDBLevelDBLovefield
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