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DBMS > Datomic vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Hypertable vs. PostgreSQL vs. SQream DB

System Properties Comparison Datomic vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Hypertable vs. PostgreSQL vs. SQream DB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonFirebase Realtime Database  Xexclude from comparisonHypertable  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonSQream DB  Xexclude from comparison
Hypertable has stopped its further development with March 2016 and is removed from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionDatomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityCloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.An open source BigTable implementation based on distributed file systems such as HadoopWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLa GPU-based, columnar RDBMS for big data analytics workloads
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeWide column storeRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.76
Rank#145  Overall
#66  Relational DBMS
Score15.00
Rank#39  Overall
#6  Document stores
Score645.05
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score0.73
Rank#228  Overall
#105  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.datomic.comfirebase.google.com/­products/­realtime-databasewww.postgresql.orgsqream.com
Technical documentationdocs.datomic.comfirebase.google.com/­docs/­databasewww.postgresql.org/­docsdocs.sqream.com
DeveloperCognitectGoogle infoacquired by Google 2014Hypertable Inc.PostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerSQream Technologies
Initial release2012201220091989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2017
Current release1.0.6735, June 20230.9.8.11, March 201616.2, February 20242022.1.6, December 2022
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infolimited edition freecommercialOpen Source infoGNU version 3. Commercial license availableOpen Source infoBSDcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
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Implementation languageJava, ClojureC++CC++, CUDA, Haskell, Java, Scala
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMhostedLinux
OS X
Windows infoan inofficial Windows port is available
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyesyes, ANSI Standard SQL Types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesyesyesrestricted infoonly exact value or prefix value scansyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLnononoyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyes
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP APIAndroid
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
C++ API
Thrift
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
.Net
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesClojure
Java
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
C++
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infoTransaction Functionslimited functionality with using 'rules'nouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.user defined functions in Python
TriggersBy using transaction functionsCallbacks are triggered when data changesnoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashhorizontal and vertical partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersselectable replication factor on file system levelSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyesnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoif the client is offline
Immediate Consistency infoif the client is online
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDyesnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes inforecommended only for testing and developmentno
User concepts infoAccess controlnoyes, based on authentication and database rulesnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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3rd partiesRedgate webinars: A series of key topics for new PostgreSQL users.
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More resources
DatomicFirebase Realtime DatabaseHypertablePostgreSQLSQream DB
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