DBMS > Datomic vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Graph Engine

System Properties Comparison Datomic vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Graph Engine

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name	Datomic  Xexclude from comparison	Firebase Realtime Database  Xexclude from comparison	Graph Engine former name: Trinity  Xexclude from comparison
Description	Datomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durability	Cloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.	A distributed in-memory data processing engine, underpinned by a strongly-typed RAM store and a general distributed computation engine
Primary database model	Relational DBMS	Document store	Graph DBMS Key-value store
DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems Trend Chart	Score 1.73 Rank #135   Overall #67   Relational DBMS	Score 18.48 Rank #39   Overall #6   Document stores	Score 0.88 Rank #187   Overall #16   Graph DBMS #31   Key-value stores
Website	www.datomic.com	firebase.google.com/­products/­realtime-database	www.graphengine.io
Technical documentation	docs.datomic.com	firebase.google.com/­docs/­database	www.graphengine.io/­docs/­manual
Developer	Cognitect	Google acquired by Google 2014	Microsoft
Initial release	2012	2012	2010
Current release	1.0.6362, January 2022
License Commercial or Open Source	commercial limited edition free	commercial	Open Source MIT License
Cloud-based only Only available as a cloud service	no	yes	no
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Implementation language	Java, Clojure		.NET and C
Server operating systems	All OS with a Java VM	hosted	.NET
Data scheme	yes	schema-free	yes
Typing predefined data types such as float or date	yes	yes	yes
XML support Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.	no	no	no
Secondary indexes	yes	yes
SQL Support of SQL	no	no	no
APIs and other access methods	RESTful HTTP API	Android iOS JavaScript API RESTful HTTP API	RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languages	Clojure Java	Java JavaScript Objective-C	C# C++ F# Visual Basic
Server-side scripts Stored procedures	yes Transaction Functions	limited functionality with using 'rules'	yes
Triggers	By using transaction functions	Callbacks are triggered when data changes	no
Partitioning methods Methods for storing different data on different nodes	none But extensive use of caching in the application peers		horizontal partitioning
Replication methods Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes	none But extensive use of caching in the application peers
MapReduce Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods	no	no
Consistency concepts Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system	Immediate Consistency	Eventual Consistency if the client is offline Immediate Consistency if the client is online
Foreign keys Referential integrity	no	no	no
Transaction concepts Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data	ACID	yes	no
Concurrency Support for concurrent manipulation of data	yes	yes	yes
Durability Support for making data persistent	yes using external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)	yes	optional: either by committing a write-ahead log (WAL) to the local persistent storage or by dumping the memory to a persistent storage
In-memory capabilities Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.	yes recommended only for testing and development		yes
User concepts Access control	no	yes, based on authentication and database rules
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More resources
	Datomic	Firebase Realtime Database	Graph Engine former name: Trinity
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