DBMS > Datomic vs. DuckDB vs. Oracle vs. RocksDB

System Properties Comparison Datomic vs. DuckDB vs. Oracle vs. RocksDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Datomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durability

An embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMS

Widely used RDBMS

Embeddable persistent key-value store optimized for fast storage (flash and RAM)

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS

since Oracle 23

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.76
Rank	#145	Overall
	#66	Relational DBMS

Score	4.68
Rank	#76	Overall
	#41	Relational DBMS

Score	1234.27
Rank	#1	Overall
	#1	Relational DBMS

Score	4.00
Rank	#84	Overall
	#11	Key-value stores

Website

www.datomic.com

duckdb.org

www.oracle.com/database

rocksdb.org

Technical documentation

docs.datomic.com

duckdb.org/docs

docs.oracle.com/en/database

github.com/facebook/rocksdb/wiki

Developer

Cognitect

Oracle

Facebook, Inc.

Initial release

2012

2018

1980

2013

Current release

1.0.6735, June 2023

0.10, February 2024

23c, September 2023

8.11.4, April 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

limited edition free

Open Source

MIT License

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

BSD

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java, Clojure

C++

C and C++

C++

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

server-less

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

Linux

Data scheme

yes

Schemaless in JSON and XML columns

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

with proprietary extensions

APIs and other access methods

RESTful HTTP API

Arrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

C++ API
Java API

Supported programming languages

Clojure
Java

C
C#

3rd party driver
C++
Crystal

3rd party driver
Go

3rd party driver
Java
Lisp

3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby

3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig

3rd party driver

C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic

C
C++
Go
Java
Perl
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Transaction Functions

PL/SQL

also stored procedures in Java possible

Triggers

By using transaction functions

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

none

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

horizontal partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

none

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

can be realized in PL/SQL

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

isolation level can be parameterized

yes

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

recommended only for testing and development

yes

Version 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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