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DBMS > Datomic vs. DuckDB vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. LokiJS vs. MarkLogic

System Properties Comparison Datomic vs. DuckDB vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. LokiJS vs. MarkLogic

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonFirebase Realtime Database  Xexclude from comparisonLokiJS  Xexclude from comparisonMarkLogic  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionDatomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSCloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.In-memory JavaScript DBMSOperational and transactional Enterprise NoSQL database
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument storeDocument storeDocument store
Native XML DBMS
RDF store infoas of version 7
Search engine
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.08
Rank#132  Overall
#64  Relational DBMS
Score4.46
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score15.07
Rank#38  Overall
#6  Document stores
Score0.52
Rank#259  Overall
#41  Document stores
Score7.08
Rank#56  Overall
#10  Document stores
#1  Native XML DBMS
#1  RDF stores
#5  Search engines
Websitewww.datomic.comduckdb.orgfirebase.google.com/­products/­realtime-databasegithub.com/­techfort/­LokiJSwww.marklogic.com
Technical documentationdocs.datomic.comduckdb.org/­docsfirebase.google.com/­docs/­databasetechfort.github.io/­LokiJSdocs.marklogic.com
DeveloperCognitectGoogle infoacquired by Google 2014MarkLogic Corp.
Initial release20122018201220142001
Current release1.0.6735, June 20230.10, February 202411.0, December 2022
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infoMIT LicensecommercialOpen Sourcecommercial inforestricted free version is available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJava, ClojureC++JavaScriptC++
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMserver-lesshostedserver-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeschema-freeschema-free infoSchema can be enforced
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes infovia viewsyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyesnonoyes infoSQL92
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP APIArrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
Android
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
JavaScript APIJava API
Node.js Client API
ODBC
proprietary Optic API infoProprietary Query API, introduced with version 9
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
WebDAV
XDBC
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languagesClojure
Java
C
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
JavaScriptC
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infoTransaction Functionsnolimited functionality with using 'rules'View functions in JavaScriptyes infovia XQuery or JavaScript
TriggersBy using transaction functionsnoCallbacks are triggered when data changesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersnonenoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersnonenoneyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyesyes infovia Hadoop Connector, HDFS Direct Access and in-database MapReduce jobs
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoif the client is offline
Immediate Consistency infoif the client is online
noneImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonononono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDyesno infoatomic operations within a single collection possibleACID infocan act as a resource manager in an XA/JTA transaction
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesyesyes infoSerialization of a DB in a Node.JS/Cordova/PhoneGap environment. Usage of the IndexedDB-API in a browser.yes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes inforecommended only for testing and developmentyesyesyes, with Range Indexes
User concepts infoAccess controlnonoyes, based on authentication and database rulesnoRole-based access control at the document and subdocument levels

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More resources
DatomicDuckDBFirebase Realtime DatabaseLokiJSMarkLogic
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