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DBMS > CrateDB vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. PostgreSQL vs. TimesTen vs. VoltDB

System Properties Comparison CrateDB vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. PostgreSQL vs. TimesTen vs. VoltDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCrateDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparisonVoltDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionDistributed Database based on LuceneElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLIn-Memory RDBMS compatible to OracleDistributed In-Memory NewSQL RDBMS infoUsed for OLTP applications with a high frequency of relatively simple transactions, that can hold all their data in memory
Primary database modelDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.76
Rank#226  Overall
#37  Document stores
#5  Spatial DBMS
#16  Search engines
#18  Time Series DBMS
#8  Vector DBMS
Score23.95
Rank#30  Overall
#18  Relational DBMS
Score634.91
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score1.59
Rank#157  Overall
#72  Relational DBMS
Score1.51
Rank#165  Overall
#75  Relational DBMS
Websitecratedb.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticswww.postgresql.orgwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.htmlwww.voltdb.com
Technical documentationcratedb.com/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticswww.postgresql.org/­docsdocs.oracle.com/­database/­timesten-18.1docs.voltdb.com
DeveloperCrateMicrosoftPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerOracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005VoltDB Inc.
Initial release201320161989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL19982010
Current release16.2, February 202411 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)11.3, April 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen SourcecommercialOpen Source infoBSDcommercialOpen Source infoAGPL for Community Edition, commercial license for Enterprise, AWS, and Pro Editions
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
CrateDB Cloud: a distributed SQL database that spreads data and processing across an elastic cluster of shared nothing nodes. CrateDB Cloud enables data insights at scale on Microsoft Azure, AWS and Google Cloud Platform.Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
Implementation languageJavaC++CJava, C++
Server operating systemsAll Operating Systems, including Kubernetes with CrateDB Kubernetes Operator supporthostedFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Linux
OS X infofor development
Data schemeFlexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)yesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes, but no triggers and constraints, and PostgreSQL compatibilityyesyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyesyes infoonly a subset of SQL 99
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Prometheus Remote Read/Write
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Java API
JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languages.NET
Erlang
Go infocommunity maintained client
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) infocommunity maintained client
Perl infocommunity maintained client
PHP
Python
R
Ruby infocommunity maintained client
Scala infocommunity maintained client
C#
Java
PHP
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C
C++
Java
PL/SQL
C#
C++
Erlang infonot officially supported
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions (Javascript)Transact SQLuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.PL/SQLJava
Triggersnonoyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding, horizontal partitioningpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashnoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesConfigurable replication on table/partition-levelyesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Read-after-write consistency on record level
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsyesyesno infoFOREIGN KEY constraints are not supported
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infounique row identifiers can be used for implementing an optimistic concurrency control strategyACIDACIDACIDACID infoTransactions are executed single-threaded within stored procedures
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes infoData access is serialized by the server
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpointsyes infoSnapshots and command logging
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlrights management via user accountsyesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUsers and roles with access to stored procedures
More information provided by the system vendor
CrateDBMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehousePostgreSQLTimesTenVoltDB
Specific characteristicsThe enterprise database for time series, documents, and vectors. Distributed - Native...
» more
Competitive advantagesResponse time in milliseconds: e ven for complex ad-hoc queries. Massive scaling...
» more
Typical application scenarios​ IoT: accelerate your IIoT projects with CrateDB, delivering real-time analytics...
» more
Key customersAcross all continents, CrateDB is used by companies of all sizes to meet the most...
» more
Market metricsThe CrateDB open source project was started in 2013 Honorable Mention in 2021 Gartner®...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsSee CrateDB pricing >
» more

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CrateDBMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehousePostgreSQLTimesTenVoltDB
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