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DBMS > Couchbase vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. MySQL vs. Trafodion

System Properties Comparison Couchbase vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. MySQL vs. Trafodion

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCouchbase infoOriginally called Membase  Xexclude from comparisonFirebase Realtime Database  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonMySQL  Xexclude from comparisonTrafodion  Xexclude from comparison
Apache Trafodion has been retired in 2021. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionA distributed document store with integrated cache, a powerful search engine, in-built operational and analytical capabilities, and an embedded mobile databaseCloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Widely used open source RDBMSTransactional SQL-on-Hadoop DBMS
Primary database modelDocument storeDocument storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infoKey/Value like access via memcached APIRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsKey-value store infooriginating from the former Membase product and supporting the Memcached protocol
Spatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extension
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
Document store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score19.15
Rank#36  Overall
#5  Document stores
Score15.07
Rank#38  Overall
#6  Document stores
Score3.37
Rank#97  Overall
#50  Relational DBMS
Score1101.50
Rank#2  Overall
#2  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.couchbase.comfirebase.google.com/­products/­realtime-databasecloud.google.com/­spannerwww.mysql.comtrafodion.apache.org
Technical documentationdocs.couchbase.comfirebase.google.com/­docs/­databasecloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsdev.mysql.com/­doctrafodion.apache.org/­documentation.html
DeveloperCouchbase, Inc.Google infoacquired by Google 2014GoogleOracle infosince 2010, originally MySQL AB, then SunApache Software Foundation, originally developed by HP
Initial release20112012201719952014
Current releaseServer: 7.2, June 2023; Mobile: 3.1, March 2022; Couchbase Capella (DBaaS), June 20238.3.0, January 20242.3.0, February 2019
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoBusiness Source License (BSL 1.1); Commercial licenses also availablecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoGPL version 2. Commercial licenses with extended functionallity are availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
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Implementation languageC, C++, Go and ErlangC and C++C++, Java
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedhostedFreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL++, extends ANSI SQL to JSON for operational, transactional, and analytic use casesnoyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yes infowith proprietary extensionsyes
APIs and other access methodsCLI Client
HTTP REST
Kafka Connector
Native language bindings for CRUD, Query, Search and Analytics APIs
Spark Connector
Spring Data
Android
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages.Net
C
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Kotlin
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/ADO.Net
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresFunctions and timers in JavaScript and UDFs in Java, Python, SQL++limited functionality with using 'rules'noyes infoproprietary syntaxJava Stored Procedures
Triggersyes infovia the TAP protocolCallbacks are triggered when data changesnoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesAutomatic ShardingShardinghorizontal partitioning, sharding with MySQL Cluster or MySQL FabricSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication infoincluding cross data center replication
Source-replica replication
Multi-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes, via HBase
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownoyes infovia user defined functions and HBase
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoselectable on a per-operation basis
Eventual Consistency infoif the client is offline
Immediate Consistency infoif the client is online
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyes infonot for MyISAM storage engineyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDyesACID infoStrict serializable isolationACID infonot for MyISAM storage engineACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infotable locks or row locks depending on storage engineyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes infoEphemeral bucketsnoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlUser and Administrator separation with password-based and LDAP integrated Authentication. Role-base access control.yes, based on authentication and database rulesAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Users with fine-grained authorization concept infono user groups or rolesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Couchbase infoOriginally called MembaseFirebase Realtime DatabaseGoogle Cloud SpannerMySQLTrafodion
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