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DBMS > CouchDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. OrientDB vs. Stardog

System Properties Comparison CouchDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. OrientDB vs. Stardog

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonOrientDB  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database serviceDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerMulti-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)Enterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization
Primary database modelDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Graph DBMS
RDF store
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extensionSpatial DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score11.73
Rank#45  Overall
#7  Document stores
Score30.39
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Score78.51
Rank#15  Overall
#10  Relational DBMS
Score3.38
Rank#96  Overall
#17  Document stores
#6  Graph DBMS
#15  Key-value stores
Score2.03
Rank#136  Overall
#12  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Websitecouchdb.apache.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-dbazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databaseorientdb.orgwww.stardog.com
Technical documentationdocs.couchdb.org/­en/­stablelearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-dbdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqlwww.orientdb.com/­docs/­last/­index.htmldocs.stardog.com
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developerMicrosoftMicrosoftOrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAPStardog-Union
Initial release20052014201020102010
Current release3.3.3, December 2023V123.2.29, March 20247.3.0, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2commercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache version 2commercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageErlangC++JavaJava
Server operating systemsAndroid
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
hostedhostedAll OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeyesschema-free infoSchema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyes infoJSON typesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesnono infoImport/export of XML data possible
Secondary indexesyes infovia viewsyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by defaultyesyesyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL-like query languageyesSQL-like query language, no joinsYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP/JSON APIDocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languagesC
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresView functions in JavaScriptJavaScriptTransact SQLJava, Javascriptuser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java
TriggersyesJavaScriptyesHooksyes infovia event handlers
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoimproved architecture with release 2.0Sharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceyes, with always 3 replicas availableMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication in HA-Cluster
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyeswith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*nono infocould be achieved with distributed queriesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in HA-Cluster
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesyes inforelationship in graphsyes inforelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoatomic operations within a single document possibleMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partitionACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes infostrategy: optimistic lockingyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per databaseAccess rights can be defined down to the item levelfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and roles; record level security configurableAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
CouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureOrientDBStardog
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