DBMS > CouchDB vs. LevelDB vs. RDF4J vs. Sequoiadb vs. Snowflake

System Properties Comparison CouchDB vs. LevelDB vs. RDF4J vs. Sequoiadb vs. Snowflake

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.

Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string values

RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.

NewSQL database with distributed OLTP and SQL

Cloud-based data warehousing service for structured and semi-structured data

Primary database model

Document store

Key-value store

RDF store

Document store
Relational DBMS

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

using the Geocouch extension

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	9.30
Rank	#45	Overall
	#7	Document stores

Score	2.35
Rank	#111	Overall
	#19	Key-value stores

Score	0.69
Rank	#230	Overall
	#9	RDF stores

Score	0.45
Rank	#261	Overall
	#41	Document stores
	#122	Relational DBMS

Score	121.33
Rank	#9	Overall
	#6	Relational DBMS

Website

couchdb.apache.org

github.com/google/leveldb

rdf4j.org

www.sequoiadb.com

www.snowflake.com

Technical documentation

docs.couchdb.org/en/stable

github.com/google/leveldb/blob/main/doc/index.md

rdf4j.org/documentation

www.sequoiadb.com/en/index.php?m=Files&a=index

docs.snowflake.net/manuals/index.html

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developer

Google

Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.

Sequoiadb Ltd.

Snowflake Computing Inc.

Initial release

2005

2011

2004

2013

2014

Current release

3.3.3, December 2023

1.23, February 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache version 2

Open Source

BSD

Open Source

Eclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.

Open Source

Server: AGPL; Client: Apache V2

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Erlang

C++

Java

C++

Server operating systems

Android
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

Linux

hosted

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

RDF Schemas

schema-free

yes

support of semi-structured data formats (JSON, XML, Avro)

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

oid, date, timestamp, binary, regex

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

via views

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language

yes

APIs and other access methods

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Java API
RIO

RDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL

Sesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL

proprietary protocol using JSON

CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

C
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk

C++
Go
Java

3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Python

3rd party binding

Java
PHP
Python

.Net
C++
Java
PHP
Python

JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

View functions in JavaScript

yes

JavaScript

user defined functions

Triggers

yes

similar concept for controling cloud resources

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

improved architecture with release 2.0

none

Sharding

yes

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

none

Source-replica replication

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

atomic operations within a single document possible

ACID

Isolation support depends on the API used

Document is locked during a transaction

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

strategy: optimistic locking

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with automatic compression on writes

yes

in-memory storage is supported as well

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users can be defined per database

simple password-based access control

Users with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authentication

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