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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. CouchDB vs. MariaDB vs. MySQL vs. NebulaGraph

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. CouchDB vs. MariaDB vs. MySQL vs. NebulaGraph

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"  Xexclude from comparisonMariaDB  Xexclude from comparisonMySQL  Xexclude from comparisonNebulaGraph  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopA native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.MySQL application compatible open source RDBMS, enhanced with high availability, security, interoperability and performance capabilities. MariaDB ColumnStore provides a column-oriented storage engine and MariaDB Xpand supports distributed SQL.Widely used open source RDBMSA distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infoKey/Value like access via memcached APIGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeSpatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extensionDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith OQGraph storage engine
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score15.06
Rank#39  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score11.73
Rank#45  Overall
#7  Document stores
Score95.03
Rank#13  Overall
#9  Relational DBMS
Score1101.50
Rank#2  Overall
#2  Relational DBMS
Score2.36
Rank#124  Overall
#10  Graph DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgcouchdb.apache.orgmariadb.com infoSite of MariaDB Corporation
mariadb.org infoSite of MariaDB Foundation
www.mysql.comgithub.com/­vesoft-inc/­nebula
www.nebula-graph.io
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.couchdb.org/­en/­stablemariadb.com/­kb/­en/­librarydev.mysql.com/­docdocs.nebula-graph.io
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developerMariaDB Corporation Ab (MariaDB Enterprise),
MariaDB Foundation (community MariaDB Server) infoThe lead developer Monty Widenius is the original author of MySQL
Oracle infosince 2010, originally MySQL AB, then SunVesoft Inc.
Initial release201320052009 infoFork of MySQL, which was first released in 199519952019
Current release4.1.0, June 20223.3.3, December 202311.3.2, February 20248.3.0, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoGPL version 2, commercial enterprise subscription availableOpen Source infoGPL version 2. Commercial licenses with extended functionallity are availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Aiven for MySQL: Fully managed MySQL, deployable in the cloud of your choice, with seamless integrations and lightning-fast setup.
Implementation languageC++ErlangC and C++C and C++C++
Server operating systemsLinuxAndroid
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
FreeBSD
Linux
Solaris
Windows infoColumnStore storage engine not available on Windows
FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesschema-freeyes infoDynamic columns are supportedyesStrong typed schema
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesyesno
Secondary indexesyesyes infovia viewsyesyesyes infoNebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnoyes infowith proprietary extensionsyes infowith proprietary extensionsSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API
Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis infoORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Eiffel
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceView functions in JavaScriptyes infoPL/SQL compatibility added with version 10.3yes infoproprietary syntaxuser defined functions
Triggersnoyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infoimproved architecture with release 2.0several options for horizontal partitioning and Shardinghorizontal partitioning, sharding with MySQL Cluster or MySQL FabricSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
Causal Clustering using Raft protocol
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceyesnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes infonot for MyISAM storage engineyes infonot for MyISAM storage engineyes infoRelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanono infoatomic operations within a single document possibleACID infonot for MyISAM storage engineACID infonot for MyISAM storage engineACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infostrategy: optimistic lockingyesyes infotable locks or row locks depending on storage engineyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infonot for in-memory storage engineyesyes infousing RocksDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes infowith MEMORY storage engineyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosAccess rights for users can be defined per databasefine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUsers with fine-grained authorization concept infono user groups or rolesRole-based access control
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache ImpalaCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"MariaDBMySQLNebulaGraph
Specific characteristicsMariaDB is the most powerful open source relational database – modern SQL and JSON...
» more
NebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more
Competitive advantagesMariaDB Servers have many features unavailable in other open source relational databases....
» more
NebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more
Typical application scenariosWeb, SaaS and Cloud operational applications that require high availability, scalability...
» more
Social networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more
Key customersDeutsche Bank, DBS Bank, Nasdaq, Red Hat, ServiceNow, Verizon and Walgreens Featured...
» more
Companies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more
Market metricsMariaDB is the default database in the LAMP stack supplied by Red Hat and SUSE Linux,...
» more
At our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsMariaDB plc subscriptions cover our free, open source database, Community Server,...
» more
NebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

Related products and services
3rd partiesNavicat for MariaDB provides a native environment for MariaDB database management and development.
» more
Navicat Monitor is a safe, simple and agentless remote server monitoring tool for MySQL and many other database management systems.
» more

Aiven for MySQL: Fully managed MySQL, deployable in the cloud of your choice, with seamless integrations and lightning-fast setup.
» more

CData: Connect to Big Data & NoSQL through standard Drivers.
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Navicat for MySQL is the ideal solution for MySQL/MariaDB administration and development.
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We invite representatives of vendors of related products to contact us for presenting information about their offerings here.

More resources
Apache ImpalaCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"MariaDBMySQLNebulaGraph
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