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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. CouchDB vs. GraphDB vs. Oracle

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. CouchDB vs. GraphDB vs. Oracle

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"  Xexclude from comparisonGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIM  Xexclude from comparisonOracle  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopA native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.Enterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.Widely used RDBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeSpatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extensionDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS infosince Oracle 23
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score15.06
Rank#39  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score11.73
Rank#45  Overall
#7  Document stores
Score2.91
Rank#106  Overall
#8  Graph DBMS
#4  RDF stores
Score1221.06
Rank#1  Overall
#1  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgcouchdb.apache.orgwww.ontotext.comwww.oracle.com/­database
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.couchdb.org/­en/­stablegraphdb.ontotext.com/­documentationdocs.oracle.com/­en/­database
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHubMedium
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developerOntotextOracle
Initial release2013200520001980
Current release4.1.0, June 20223.3.3, December 202310.4, October 202323c, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache version 2commercial infoSome plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourcedcommercial inforestricted free version is available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++ErlangJavaC and C++
Server operating systemsLinuxAndroid
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
All OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapesyes infoSchemaless in JSON and XML columns
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes
Secondary indexesyesyes infovia viewsyes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnostored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBCyes infowith proprietary extensions
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIGeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceView functions in JavaScriptwell-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibilityPL/SQL infoalso stored procedures in Java possible
Triggersnoyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infoimproved architecture with release 2.0noneSharding, horizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Multi-source replicationMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceyesnono infocan be realized in PL/SQL
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes infoConstraint checkingyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanono infoatomic operations within a single document possibleACIDACID infoisolation level can be parameterized
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infostrategy: optimistic lockingyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes infoVersion 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosAccess rights for users can be defined per databaseDefault Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache ImpalaCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"GraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMOracle
Specific characteristicsOntotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
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Competitive advantagesGraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
» more
Typical application scenariosMetadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
» more
Key customers​ GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
» more
Market metricsGraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
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