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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. CouchDB vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Graph Engine

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. CouchDB vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Graph Engine

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"  Xexclude from comparisonFirebase Realtime Database  Xexclude from comparisonGraph Engine infoformer name: Trinity  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopA native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.Cloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.A distributed in-memory data processing engine, underpinned by a strongly-typed RAM store and a general distributed computation engine
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeDocument storeGraph DBMS
Key-value store
Secondary database modelsDocument storeSpatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score14.03
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score10.26
Rank#45  Overall
#7  Document stores
Score15.00
Rank#39  Overall
#6  Document stores
Score0.62
Rank#240  Overall
#21  Graph DBMS
#35  Key-value stores
Websiteimpala.apache.orgcouchdb.apache.orgfirebase.google.com/­products/­realtime-databasewww.graphengine.io
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.couchdb.org/­en/­stablefirebase.google.com/­docs/­databasewww.graphengine.io/­docs/­manual
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developerGoogle infoacquired by Google 2014Microsoft
Initial release2013200520122010
Current release4.1.0, June 20223.3.3, December 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache version 2commercialOpen Source infoMIT License
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++Erlang.NET and C
Server operating systemsLinuxAndroid
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
hosted.NET
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesyes infovia viewsyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnonono
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIAndroid
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
C#
C++
F#
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceView functions in JavaScriptlimited functionality with using 'rules'yes
TriggersnoyesCallbacks are triggered when data changesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infoimproved architecture with release 2.0horizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoif the client is offline
Immediate Consistency infoif the client is online
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanono infoatomic operations within a single document possibleyesno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infostrategy: optimistic lockingyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesoptional: either by committing a write-ahead log (WAL) to the local persistent storage or by dumping the memory to a persistent storage
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosAccess rights for users can be defined per databaseyes, based on authentication and database rules

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More resources
Apache ImpalaCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"Firebase Realtime DatabaseGraph Engine infoformer name: Trinity
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