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DBMS > CouchDB vs. Dgraph vs. PostgreSQL vs. SAP Adaptive Server vs. TiDB

System Properties Comparison CouchDB vs. Dgraph vs. PostgreSQL vs. SAP Adaptive Server vs. TiDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"  Xexclude from comparisonDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonSAP Adaptive Server infoformer name: Sybase ASE  Xexclude from comparisonTiDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMSWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLThe SAP (Sybase) Adaptive Server Enterprise (ASE) is an enterprise-class RDBMSTiDB is an open source distributed SQL database that supports Hybrid Transactional/Analytical Processing (HTAP) workloads. It is MySQL compatible and features horizontal scalability, strong consistency, and high availability.
Primary database modelDocument storeGraph DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extensionDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Spatial DBMS infowith Boeing's Spatial Query ServerDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score11.73
Rank#45  Overall
#7  Document stores
Score1.53
Rank#164  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score634.91
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score37.49
Rank#25  Overall
#17  Relational DBMS
Score5.14
Rank#75  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Websitecouchdb.apache.orgdgraph.iowww.postgresql.orgwww.sap.com/­products/­technology-platform/­sybase-ase.htmlpingcap.com
Technical documentationdocs.couchdb.org/­en/­stabledgraph.io/­docswww.postgresql.org/­docshelp.sap.com/­docs/­SAP_ASEdocs.pingcap.com/­tidb/­stable
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developerDgraph Labs, Inc.PostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerSAP, SybasePingCAP, Inc.
Initial release200520161989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL19872016
Current release3.3.3, December 202316.2, February 202416.07.6.0, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoBSDcommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.TiDB Cloud: Fully-managed TiDB Service. Bring everything great about TiDB to the cloud.
Implementation languageErlangGoCC and C++Go, Rust
Server operating systemsAndroid
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.nono
Secondary indexesyes infovia viewsyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyesyes
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP/JSON APIGraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
GORM
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
SQLAlchemy
Supported programming languagesC
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C
C++
Cobol
Java
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresView functions in JavaScriptnouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.Java and Transact-SQLno
Triggersyesnoyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoimproved architecture with release 2.0yespartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashhorizontal partitioninghorizontal partitioning (by key range)
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Synchronous replication via RaftSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Using Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnononoyes infowith TiSpark Connector
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesyesyes infofull support since version 6.6
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoatomic operations within a single document possibleACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes infostrategy: optimistic lockingyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per databaseno infoPlanned for future releasesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardFine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
CouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"DgraphPostgreSQLSAP Adaptive Server infoformer name: Sybase ASETiDB
Specific characteristicsTiDB is an advanced open-source, distributed SQL database for modern application...
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Competitive advantages- HORIZONTAL SCALING : TiDB grants total transparency into your data workloads without...
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Typical application scenariosTiDB is ideal for transactional applications that require extreme scalability and...
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Key customersBlock, Pinterest, Catalyst, Bolt, Flipkart, Capcom, Shopee (E-commerce), JD Cloud...
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Market metrics34K+ GitHub stars 5K+ members in TiDB Community Slack 1K+ community contributors...
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Licensing and pricing modelsTiDB Community : Free open source software (Apache 2.0) TiDB Self-Hosted : Enterprise...
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CouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"DgraphPostgreSQLSAP Adaptive Server infoformer name: Sybase ASETiDB
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