DBMS > CockroachDB vs. InfluxDB vs. LevelDB vs. MariaDB vs. Postgres-XL

System Properties Comparison CockroachDB vs. InfluxDB vs. LevelDB vs. MariaDB vs. Postgres-XL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

CockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.

DBMS for storing time series, events and metrics

Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string values

MySQL application compatible open source RDBMS, enhanced with high availability, security, interoperability and performance capabilities. MariaDB ColumnStore provides a column-oriented storage engine and MariaDB Xpand supports distributed SQL.

Based on PostgreSQL enhanced with MPP and write-scale-out cluster features

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

with GEO package

Document store
Graph DBMS

with OQGraph storage engine
Spatial DBMS

Document store
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	6.10
Rank	#58	Overall
	#33	Relational DBMS

Score	26.56
Rank	#28	Overall
	#1	Time Series DBMS

Score	2.75
Rank	#107	Overall
	#19	Key-value stores

Score	93.81
Rank	#13	Overall
	#9	Relational DBMS

Score	0.52
Rank	#256	Overall
	#117	Relational DBMS

Website

www.cockroachlabs.com

www.influxdata.com/products/influxdb-overview

github.com/google/leveldb

mariadb.com

Site of MariaDB Corporation
mariadb.org

Site of MariaDB Foundation

www.postgres-xl.org

Technical documentation

www.cockroachlabs.com/docs

docs.influxdata.com/influxdb

github.com/google/leveldb/blob/main/doc/index.md

mariadb.com/kb/en/library

www.postgres-xl.org/documentation

Developer

Cockroach Labs

Google

MariaDB Corporation Ab (MariaDB Enterprise),
MariaDB Foundation (community MariaDB Server)

The lead developer Monty Widenius is the original author of MySQL

Initial release

2015

2013

2011

2009

Fork of MySQL, which was first released in 1995

2014

since 2012, originally named StormDB

Current release

23.1.1, May 2023

2.7.5, January 2024

1.23, February 2021

11.3.2, February 2024

10 R1, October 2018

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache 2.0, commercial license available

Open Source

MIT-License; commercial enterprise version available

Open Source

BSD

Open Source

GPL version 2, commercial enterprise subscription available

Open Source

Mozilla public license

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

CockroachDB: A cloud-native, distributed SQL database designed for speed, scale, and survival. Get started for free today with a fully-managed CockroachDB cluster -- leave operations behind and get your app to market faster.

Implementation language

C++

C and C++

Server operating systems

Linux
macOS
Windows

Linux
OS X

through Homebrew

Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows

FreeBSD
Linux
Solaris
Windows

ColumnStore storage engine not available on Windows

Linux
macOS

Data scheme

dynamic schema

schema-free

yes

Dynamic columns are supported

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

Numeric data and Strings

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

XML type, but no XML query functionality

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes, wire compatible with PostgreSQL

SQL-like query language

yes

with proprietary extensions

yes

distributed, parallel query execution

APIs and other access methods

JDBC

HTTP API
JSON over UDP

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust

.Net
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala

C++
Go
Java

3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Python

3rd party binding

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Eiffel
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Erlang
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

PL/SQL compatibility added with version 10.3

user defined functions

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

horizontal partitioning (by key range)

all tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFT

Sharding

in enterprise version only

none

several options for horizontal partitioning and Sharding

horizontal partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication using RAFT

selectable replication factor

in enterprise version only

none

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

not for MyISAM storage engine

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

not for MyISAM storage engine

ACID

MVCC

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with automatic compression on writes

yes

not for in-memory storage engine

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Depending on used storage engine

yes

with MEMORY storage engine

User concepts

Access control

Role-based access control

simple rights management via user accounts

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

CockroachDB is a cloud-native, distributed SQL database architected for modern applications....
» more

InfluxData is the creator of InfluxDB , the open source time series database. It...
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MariaDB is the most powerful open source relational database – modern SQL and JSON...
» more

Competitive advantages

- EFFORTLESS SCALE: Scale your applications, not operational complexity. CockroachDB...
» more

Time to Value InfluxDB is available in all the popular languages and frameworks,...
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MariaDB Servers have many features unavailable in other open source relational databases....
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Typical application scenarios

Payment processing, user account management, metadata management, identity access...
» more

IoT & Sensor Monitoring Developers are witnessing the instrumentation of every available...
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Web, SaaS and Cloud operational applications that require high availability, scalability...
» more

Key customers

Comcast, DoorDash, Mythical Games, Norfolk Southern, Netflix, LUSH, Bose, Shipt,...
» more

InfluxData has more than 1,900 paying customers, including customers include MuleSoft,...
» more

Deutsche Bank, DBS Bank, Nasdaq, Red Hat, ServiceNow, Verizon and Walgreens Featured...
» more

Market metrics

12K+ long-running clusters 25K+ CockroachDB self-hosted clusters 75K+ CockroachDB...
» more

Fastest-growing database to drive 27,500 GitHub stars Over 750,000 daily active instances
» more

MariaDB is the default database in the LAMP stack supplied by Red Hat and SUSE Linux,...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

- Apache 2.0 for core features released up to and including the 19.1 release - Time-limited...
» more

Open source core with closed source clustering available either on-premise or on...
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MariaDB plc subscriptions cover our free, open source database, Community Server,...
» more

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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.