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DBMS > CockroachDB vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. IBM Db2 vs. OrigoDB vs. PostgreSQL

System Properties Comparison CockroachDB vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. IBM Db2 vs. OrigoDB vs. PostgreSQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonIBM Db2 infoformerly named DB2 or IBM Database 2  Xexclude from comparisonOrigoDB  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionCockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Common in IBM host environments, 2 different versions for host and Windows/LinuxA fully ACID in-memory object graph databaseWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infoSince Version 10.5 support for JSON/BSON documents compatible with MongoDBDocument store
Object oriented DBMS
Relational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.
Secondary database modelsDocument store
RDF store infoin Db2 LUW (Linux, Unix, Windows)
Spatial DBMS infowith Db2 Spatial Extender
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.74
Rank#67  Overall
#36  Relational DBMS
Score2.69
Rank#101  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score123.05
Rank#9  Overall
#6  Relational DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#385  Overall
#54  Document stores
#21  Object oriented DBMS
Score644.36
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.cockroachlabs.comcloud.google.com/­spannerwww.ibm.com/­products/­db2origodb.comwww.postgresql.org
Technical documentationwww.cockroachlabs.com/­docscloud.google.com/­spanner/­docswww.ibm.com/­docs/­en/­db2origodb.com/­docswww.postgresql.org/­docs
DeveloperCockroach LabsGoogleIBMRobert Friberg et alPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer
Initial release201520171983 infohost version2009 infounder the name LiveDB1989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL
Current release24.1.0, May 202412.1, October 201616.4, August 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availablecommercialcommercial infofree version is availableOpen SourceOpen Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
PostgreSQL Flex @ STACKIT offers managed PostgreSQL Instances with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed and several extensions available, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All 100% GDPR-compliant.
Implementation languageGoC and C++C#C
Server operating systemsLinux
macOS
Windows
hostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
Linux
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemedynamic schemayesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesUser defined using .NET types and collectionsyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono infocan be achieved using .NETyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yesnoyes infostandard with numerous extensions
APIs and other access methodsJDBCgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
JSON style queries infoMongoDB compatible
ODBC
XQuery
.NET Client API
HTTP API
LINQ
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
C#
C++
Cobol
Delphi
Fortran
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
.Net.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoyesyesuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
Triggersnonoyesyes infoDomain Eventsyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTShardingSharding infoonly with Windows/Unix/Linux Versionhorizontal partitioning infoclient side managed; servers are not synchronizedpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication using RAFTMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.yes infowith separate tools (MQ, InfoSphere)Source-replica replicationSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensions
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyesdepending on modelyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoWrite ahead logyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlRole-based access controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRole based authorizationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
CockroachDBGoogle Cloud SpannerIBM Db2 infoformerly named DB2 or IBM Database 2OrigoDBPostgreSQL
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Conferences, events and webinars

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