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DBMS > CockroachDB vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. H2 vs. HyperSQL

System Properties Comparison CockroachDB vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. H2 vs. HyperSQL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionCockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.Google's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Multithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java infoalso known as HSQLDB
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score6.10
Rank#58  Overall
#33  Relational DBMS
Score3.58
Rank#92  Overall
#14  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score8.22
Rank#50  Overall
#32  Relational DBMS
Score3.90
Rank#85  Overall
#46  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.cockroachlabs.comcloud.google.com/­bigtablewww.h2database.comhsqldb.org
Technical documentationwww.cockroachlabs.com/­docscloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docswww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlhsqldb.org/­web/­hsqlDocsFrame.html
DeveloperCockroach LabsGoogleThomas Mueller
Initial release2015201520052001
Current release23.1.1, May 20232.2.220, July 20232.7.2, June 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availablecommercialOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infobased on BSD license
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageGoJavaJava
Server operating systemsLinux
macOS
Windows
hostedAll OS with a Java VMAll OS with a Java VM infoEmbedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modes
Data schemedynamic schemaschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLnoyesyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBCgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
JDBC
ODBC
HTTP API infoJDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
JavaAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined FunctionsJava, SQL
Triggersnonoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTShardingnonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication using RAFTInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databasenone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDAtomic single-row operationsACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlRole-based access controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
CockroachDBGoogle Cloud BigtableH2HyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDB
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