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DBMS > CockroachDB vs. Dgraph vs. PostgreSQL vs. SAP Adaptive Server vs. TiDB

System Properties Comparison CockroachDB vs. Dgraph vs. PostgreSQL vs. SAP Adaptive Server vs. TiDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonSAP Adaptive Server infoformer name: Sybase ASE  Xexclude from comparisonTiDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionCockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMSWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLThe SAP (Sybase) Adaptive Server Enterprise (ASE) is an enterprise-class RDBMSTiDB is an open source distributed SQL database that supports Hybrid Transactional/Analytical Processing (HTAP) workloads. It is MySQL compatible and features horizontal scalability, strong consistency, and high availability.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Spatial DBMS infowith Boeing's Spatial Query ServerDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score6.39
Rank#60  Overall
#34  Relational DBMS
Score1.53
Rank#164  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score634.91
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score37.49
Rank#25  Overall
#17  Relational DBMS
Score5.14
Rank#75  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.cockroachlabs.comdgraph.iowww.postgresql.orgwww.sap.com/­products/­technology-platform/­sybase-ase.htmlpingcap.com
Technical documentationwww.cockroachlabs.com/­docsdgraph.io/­docswww.postgresql.org/­docshelp.sap.com/­docs/­SAP_ASEdocs.pingcap.com/­tidb/­stable
DeveloperCockroach LabsDgraph Labs, Inc.PostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerSAP, SybasePingCAP, Inc.
Initial release201520161989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL19872016
Current release23.1.1, May 202316.2, February 202416.07.6.0, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoBSDcommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
CockroachDB: A cloud-native, distributed SQL database designed for speed, scale, and survival. Get started for free today with a fully-managed CockroachDB cluster -- leave operations behind and get your app to market faster.Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.TiDB Cloud: Fully-managed TiDB Service. Bring everything great about TiDB to the cloud.
Implementation languageGoGoCC and C++Go, Rust
Server operating systemsLinux
macOS
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
Data schemedynamic schemaschema-freeyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.nono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLnoyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyesyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBCGraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
GORM
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
SQLAlchemy
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C
C++
Cobol
Java
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.Java and Transact-SQLno
Triggersnonoyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTyespartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashhorizontal partitioninghorizontal partitioning (by key range)
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication using RAFTSynchronous replication via RaftSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Using Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononoyes infowith TiSpark Connector
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesyesyes infofull support since version 6.6
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlRole-based access controlno infoPlanned for future releasesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardFine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
CockroachDBDgraphPostgreSQLSAP Adaptive Server infoformer name: Sybase ASETiDB
Specific characteristicsCockroachDB is a cloud-native, distributed SQL database architected for modern applications....
» more
TiDB is an advanced open-source, distributed SQL database for modern application...
» more
Competitive advantages- EFFORTLESS SCALE: Scale your applications, not operational complexity. CockroachDB...
» more
- HORIZONTAL SCALING : TiDB grants total transparency into your data workloads without...
» more
Typical application scenariosPayment processing, user account management, metadata management, identity access...
» more
TiDB is ideal for transactional applications that require extreme scalability and...
» more
Key customersComcast, DoorDash, Mythical Games, Norfolk Southern, Netflix, LUSH, Bose, Shipt,...
» more
Block, Pinterest, Catalyst, Bolt, Flipkart, Capcom, Shopee (E-commerce), JD Cloud...
» more
Market metrics12K+ long-running clusters 25K+ CockroachDB self-hosted clusters 75K+ CockroachDB...
» more
34K+ GitHub stars 5K+ members in TiDB Community Slack 1K+ community contributors...
» more
Licensing and pricing models- Apache 2.0 for core features released up to and including the 19.1 release - Time-limited...
» more
TiDB Community : Free open source software (Apache 2.0) TiDB Self-Hosted : Enterprise...
» more

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