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DBMS > CockroachDB vs. Couchbase vs. Google Cloud Spanner

System Properties Comparison CockroachDB vs. Couchbase vs. Google Cloud Spanner

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonCouchbase infoOriginally called Membase  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionCockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.A distributed document store with integrated cache, a powerful search engine, in-built operational and analytical capabilities, and an embedded mobile databaseA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsKey-value store infooriginating from the former Membase product and supporting the Memcached protocol
Spatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extension
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.24
Rank#68  Overall
#36  Relational DBMS
Score15.82
Rank#36  Overall
#5  Document stores
Score2.70
Rank#100  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.cockroachlabs.comwww.couchbase.comcloud.google.com/­spanner
Technical documentationwww.cockroachlabs.com/­docsdocs.couchbase.comcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docs
DeveloperCockroach LabsCouchbase, Inc.Google
Initial release201520112017
Current release24.1.0, May 2024Server: 7.2, June 2023; Mobile: 3.1, March 2022; Couchbase Capella (DBaaS), June 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availableOpen Source infoBusiness Source License (BSL 1.1); Commercial licenses also availablecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageGoC, C++, Go and Erlang
Server operating systemsLinux
macOS
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
hosted
Data schemedynamic schemaschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono
Secondary indexesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLSQL++, extends ANSI SQL to JSON for operational, transactional, and analytic use casesyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011
APIs and other access methodsJDBCCLI Client
HTTP REST
Kafka Connector
Native language bindings for CRUD, Query, Search and Analytics APIs
Spark Connector
Spring Data
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
.Net
C
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Kotlin
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoFunctions and timers in JavaScript and UDFs in Java, Python, SQL++no
Triggersnoyes infovia the TAP protocolno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTAutomatic ShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication using RAFTMulti-source replication infoincluding cross data center replication
Source-replica replication
Multi-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflow
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoselectable on a per-operation basis
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrity
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolation
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infoEphemeral bucketsno
User concepts infoAccess controlRole-based access controlUser and Administrator separation with password-based and LDAP integrated Authentication. Role-base access control.Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

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More resources
CockroachDBCouchbase infoOriginally called MembaseGoogle Cloud Spanner
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15 August 2024, TechCrunch

AI Meets Resilience: Cockroach Labs Intros CockroachDB 24.2
2 October 2024, Channel Insider

Now CockroachDB Ditches Open-Source License
20 August 2024, It's FOSS News

CockroachDB scurries off to proprietary software land
23 August 2024, The Register

CockroachDB retires self-hosted Core offering, makes Enterprise version free for companies under $10M in annual revenue
15 August 2024, SDTimes.com

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4 September 2024, SiliconANGLE News

Couchbase, Inc. (NASDAQ:BASE) Receives Consensus Rating of "Moderate Buy" from Brokerages
3 November 2024, MarketBeat

Couchbase releases AI vector search and Capella Columnar on AWS
3 September 2024, Blocks & Files

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