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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. CockroachDB vs. CouchDB vs. Oracle vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. CockroachDB vs. CouchDB vs. Oracle vs. XTDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"  Xexclude from comparisonOracle  Xexclude from comparisonXTDB infoformerly named Crux  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopCockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.A native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.Widely used RDBMSA general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument storeSpatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extensionDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS infosince Oracle 23
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score15.06
Rank#39  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score6.39
Rank#60  Overall
#34  Relational DBMS
Score11.73
Rank#45  Overall
#7  Document stores
Score1221.06
Rank#1  Overall
#1  Relational DBMS
Score0.16
Rank#336  Overall
#48  Document stores
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.cockroachlabs.comcouchdb.apache.orgwww.oracle.com/­databasegithub.com/­xtdb/­xtdb
www.xtdb.com
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlwww.cockroachlabs.com/­docsdocs.couchdb.org/­en/­stabledocs.oracle.com/­en/­databasewww.xtdb.com/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaCockroach LabsApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developerOracleJuxt Ltd.
Initial release20132015200519802019
Current release4.1.0, June 202223.1.1, May 20233.3.3, December 202323c, September 20231.19, September 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availableOpen Source infoApache version 2commercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoMIT License
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
CockroachDB: A cloud-native, distributed SQL database designed for speed, scale, and survival. Get started for free today with a fully-managed CockroachDB cluster -- leave operations behind and get your app to market faster.
Implementation languageC++GoErlangC and C++Clojure
Server operating systemsLinuxLinux
macOS
Windows
Android
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux
Data schemeyesdynamic schemaschema-freeyes infoSchemaless in JSON and XML columnsschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyesyes, extensible-data-notation format
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infovia viewsyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLnoyes infowith proprietary extensionslimited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
JDBCRESTful HTTP/JSON APIJDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
HTTP REST
JDBC
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
C
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic
Clojure
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenoView functions in JavaScriptPL/SQL infoalso stored procedures in Java possibleno
Triggersnonoyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardinghorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTSharding infoimproved architecture with release 2.0Sharding, horizontal partitioningnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorMulti-source replication using RAFTMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes, each node contains all data
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenoyesno infocan be realized in PL/SQLno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDno infoatomic operations within a single document possibleACID infoisolation level can be parameterizedACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infostrategy: optimistic lockingyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyes infoVersion 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosRole-based access controlAccess rights for users can be defined per databasefine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache ImpalaCockroachDBCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"OracleXTDB infoformerly named Crux
Specific characteristicsCockroachDB is a cloud-native, distributed SQL database architected for modern applications....
» more
Competitive advantages- EFFORTLESS SCALE: Scale your applications, not operational complexity. CockroachDB...
» more
Typical application scenariosPayment processing, user account management, metadata management, identity access...
» more
Key customersComcast, DoorDash, Mythical Games, Norfolk Southern, Netflix, LUSH, Bose, Shipt,...
» more
Market metrics12K+ long-running clusters 25K+ CockroachDB self-hosted clusters 75K+ CockroachDB...
» more
Licensing and pricing models- Apache 2.0 for core features released up to and including the 19.1 release - Time-limited...
» more

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More resources
Apache ImpalaCockroachDBCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"OracleXTDB infoformerly named Crux
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