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DBMS > Cloudflare Workers KV vs. Dgraph vs. Graph Engine vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. PostgreSQL

System Properties Comparison Cloudflare Workers KV vs. Dgraph vs. Graph Engine vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. PostgreSQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCloudflare Workers KV  Xexclude from comparisonDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonGraph Engine infoformer name: Trinity  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA global, low-latency, key-value store for applications on Cloudflare with exceptionally high read volumes and low-latency.Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMSA distributed in-memory data processing engine, underpinned by a strongly-typed RAM store and a general distributed computation engineElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL
Primary database modelKey-value storeGraph DBMSGraph DBMS
Key-value store
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.39
Rank#278  Overall
#39  Key-value stores
Score1.48
Rank#158  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score0.62
Rank#240  Overall
#21  Graph DBMS
#35  Key-value stores
Score22.71
Rank#30  Overall
#18  Relational DBMS
Score645.05
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.cloudflare.com/­developer-platform/­workers-kvdgraph.iowww.graphengine.ioazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticswww.postgresql.org
Technical documentationdevelopers.cloudflare.com/­kv/­apidgraph.io/­docswww.graphengine.io/­docs/­manualdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticswww.postgresql.org/­docs
DeveloperCloudflareDgraph Labs, Inc.MicrosoftMicrosoftPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer
Initial release20182016201020161989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL
Current release16.2, February 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoMIT LicensecommercialOpen Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
Implementation languageGo.NET and CC++C
Server operating systemshostedLinux
OS X
Windows
.NEThostedFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnononoyesyes infostandard with numerous extensions
APIs and other access methodsHTTP REST
Proprietary protocol
GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
RESTful HTTP APIADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesC
C++
Dart
JavaScript
Kotlin
Python
Rust
Scala
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
C++
F#
Visual Basic
C#
Java
PHP
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoyesTransact SQLuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
Triggersnonononoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesyeshorizontal partitioningSharding, horizontal partitioningpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesSynchronous replication via RaftyesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensions
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesoptional: either by committing a write-ahead log (WAL) to the local persistent storage or by dumping the memory to a persistent storageyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlno infoPlanned for future releasesyesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Cloudflare Workers KVDgraphGraph Engine infoformer name: TrinityMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehousePostgreSQL
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