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DBMS > CouchDB vs. IBM Cloudant vs. PostgreSQL vs. Snowflake

System Properties Comparison CouchDB vs. IBM Cloudant vs. PostgreSQL vs. Snowflake

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"  Xexclude from comparisonIBM Cloudant  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonSnowflake  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.Database as a Service offering based on Apache CouchDBWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLCloud-based data warehousing service for structured and semi-structured data
Primary database modelDocument storeDocument storeRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extensionDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score10.26
Rank#45  Overall
#7  Document stores
Score2.73
Rank#108  Overall
#20  Document stores
Score645.05
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score123.20
Rank#9  Overall
#6  Relational DBMS
Websitecouchdb.apache.orgwww.ibm.com/­products/­cloudantwww.postgresql.orgwww.snowflake.com
Technical documentationdocs.couchdb.org/­en/­stablecloud.ibm.com/­docs/­Cloudantwww.postgresql.org/­docsdocs.snowflake.net/­manuals/­index.html
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developerIBM, Apache Software Foundation infoIBM acquired Cloudant in February 2014PostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerSnowflake Computing Inc.
Initial release200520101989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2014
Current release3.3.3, December 202316.2, February 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2commercialOpen Source infoBSDcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
Implementation languageErlangErlangC
Server operating systemsAndroid
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
hostedFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
hosted
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeyesyes infosupport of semi-structured data formats (JSON, XML, Avro)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenonoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.yes
Secondary indexesyes infovia viewsyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyes
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP/JSON APIRESTful HTTP/JSON APIADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
C#
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresView functions in JavaScriptView functions (Map-Reduce) in JavaScriptuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.user defined functions
Triggersyesyesyesno infosimilar concept for controling cloud resources
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoimproved architecture with release 2.0Shardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
Source-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesyesnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoatomic operations within a single document possibleno infoatomic operations within a document possibleACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes infostrategy: optimistic lockingyes infoOptimistic lockingyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per databaseAccess rights for users can be defined per databasefine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUsers with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authentication

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