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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Citus vs. LeanXcale vs. RavenDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Citus vs. LeanXcale vs. RavenDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonCitus  Xexclude from comparisonLeanXcale  Xexclude from comparisonRavenDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLA highly scalable full ACID SQL database with fast NoSQL data ingestion and GIS capabilitiesOpen Source Operational and Transactional Enterprise NoSQL Document Database
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value store
Relational DBMS
Document store
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument storeGraph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score14.03
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score2.15
Rank#123  Overall
#60  Relational DBMS
Score0.35
Rank#283  Overall
#41  Key-value stores
#128  Relational DBMS
Score3.01
Rank#101  Overall
#17  Document stores
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.citusdata.comwww.leanxcale.comravendb.net
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.citusdata.comravendb.net/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaLeanXcaleHibernating Rhinos
Initial release2013201020152010
Current release4.1.0, June 20228.1, December 20185.4, July 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availablecommercialOpen Source infoAGPL version 3, commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++CC#
Server operating systemsLinuxLinuxLinux
macOS
Raspberry Pi
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionality
Secondary indexesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsyes infothrough Apache DerbySQL-like query language (RQL)
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
proprietary key/value interface
Spark Connector
.NET Client API
F# Client API
Go Client API
Java Client API
NodeJS Client API
PHP Client API
Python Client API
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C
Java
Scala
.Net
C#
F#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yes
Triggersnoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsMulti-source replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenonoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyDefault ACID transactions on the local node (eventually consistent across the cluster). Atomic operations with cluster-wide ACID transactions. Eventual consistency for indexes and full-text search indexes.
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDACID, Cluster-wide transaction available
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAuthorization levels configured per client per database

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More resources
Apache ImpalaCitusLeanXcaleRavenDB
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