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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Citus vs. HyperSQL vs. mSQL vs. Prometheus

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Citus vs. HyperSQL vs. mSQL vs. Prometheus

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonCitus  Xexclude from comparisonHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDB  Xexclude from comparisonmSQL infoMini SQL  Xexclude from comparisonPrometheus  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLMultithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java infoalso known as HSQLDBmSQL (Mini SQL) is a simple and lightweight RDBMSOpen-source Time Series DBMS and monitoring system
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score14.03
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score2.15
Rank#123  Overall
#60  Relational DBMS
Score3.90
Rank#85  Overall
#46  Relational DBMS
Score1.67
Rank#151  Overall
#70  Relational DBMS
Score7.92
Rank#51  Overall
#2  Time Series DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.citusdata.comhsqldb.orghughestech.com.au/­products/­msqlprometheus.io
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.citusdata.comhsqldb.org/­web/­hsqlDocsFrame.htmlprometheus.io/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaHughes Technologies
Initial release20132010200119942015
Current release4.1.0, June 20228.1, December 20182.7.2, June 20234.4, October 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availableOpen Source infobased on BSD licensecommercial infofree licenses can be providedOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++CJavaCGo
Server operating systemsLinuxLinuxAll OS with a Java VM infoEmbedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modesAIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Linux
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesNumeric data only
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalitynonono infoImport of XML data possible
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsyesA subset of ANSI SQL is implemented infono subqueries, aggregate functions, views, foreign keys, triggersno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
HTTP API infoJDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java
C
C++
Delphi
Java
Perl
PHP
Tcl
.Net
C++
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.Java, SQLnono
Triggersnoyesyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingnonenoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsnonenoneyes infoby Federation
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistencynonenone
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDnono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesnoyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnono

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More resources
Apache ImpalaCitusHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDBmSQL infoMini SQLPrometheus
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