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DBMS > Citus vs. Hive vs. Postgres-XL vs. PostgreSQL

System Properties Comparison Citus vs. Hive vs. Postgres-XL vs. PostgreSQL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCitus  Xexclude from comparisonHive  Xexclude from comparisonPostgres-XL  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLdata warehouse software for querying and managing large distributed datasets, built on HadoopBased on PostgreSQL enhanced with MPP and write-scale-out cluster featuresWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.15
Rank#123  Overall
#60  Relational DBMS
Score62.59
Rank#18  Overall
#12  Relational DBMS
Score0.52
Rank#256  Overall
#117  Relational DBMS
Score645.05
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.citusdata.comhive.apache.orgwww.postgres-xl.orgwww.postgresql.org
Technical documentationdocs.citusdata.comcwiki.apache.org/­confluence/­display/­Hive/­Homewww.postgres-xl.org/­documentationwww.postgresql.org/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoinitially developed by FacebookPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer
Initial release201020122014 infosince 2012, originally named StormDB1989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL
Current release8.1, December 20183.1.3, April 202210 R1, October 201816.2, February 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoMozilla public licenseOpen Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
Implementation languageCJavaCC
Server operating systemsLinuxAll OS with a Java VMLinux
macOS
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalityyes infoXML type, but no XML query functionalityyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes infodistributed, parallel query executionyes infostandard with numerous extensions
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
JDBC
ODBC
Thrift
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C++
Java
PHP
Python
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Erlang
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceuser defined functionsuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
Triggersyesnoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardinghorizontal partitioningpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsselectable replication factorSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensions
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infoquery execution via MapReducenono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACID infoMVCCACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users, groups and rolesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

More information provided by the system vendor

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3rd partiesNavicat for PostgreSQL is an easy-to-use graphical tool for PostgreSQL database development.
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More resources
CitusHivePostgres-XLPostgreSQL
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