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DBMS > Citus vs. Heroic vs. Kingbase vs. LevelDB vs. Titan

System Properties Comparison Citus vs. Heroic vs. Kingbase vs. LevelDB vs. Titan

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCitus  Xexclude from comparisonHeroic  Xexclude from comparisonKingbase  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonTitan  Xexclude from comparison
Titan has been decommisioned after the takeover by Datastax. It will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking. A fork has been open-sourced as JanusGraph.
DescriptionScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLTime Series DBMS built at Spotify based on Cassandra or Google Cloud Bigtable, and ElasticSearchAn enterprise-class RDBMS compatible with PostgreSQL and Oracle and widely used in China.Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesTitan is a Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value storeGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.15
Rank#123  Overall
#60  Relational DBMS
Score0.57
Rank#250  Overall
#21  Time Series DBMS
Score0.45
Rank#265  Overall
#124  Relational DBMS
Score2.75
Rank#107  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Websitewww.citusdata.comgithub.com/­spotify/­heroicwww.kingbase.com.cngithub.com/­google/­leveldbgithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titan
Technical documentationdocs.citusdata.comspotify.github.io/­heroicgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mdgithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titan/­wiki
DeveloperSpotifyBeiJing KINGBASE Information technologies inc.GoogleAurelius, owned by DataStax
Initial release20102014199920112012
Current release8.1, December 2018V8.0, August 20211.23, February 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache license, version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageCJavaC and JavaC++Java
Server operating systemsLinuxLinux
Windows
Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalitynoyesno
Secondary indexesyesyes infovia Elasticsearchyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsnoStandard with numerous extensionsnono
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
HQL (Heroic Query Language, a JSON-based language)
HTTP API
ADO.NET
gokb
JDBC
kdbndp
ODBC
PDI
PDO
Pro*C
psycopg2
QT
Java API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
Clojure
Java
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.nouser defined functionsnoyes
Triggersyesnoyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardinghorizontal partitioning (by range, list and hash) and vertical partitioningnoneyes infovia pluggable storage backends
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyesyesnoneyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononoyes infovia Faunus, a graph analytics engine
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesnoyes infoRelationships in graph
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyes infoSupports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcast
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoUser authentification and security via Rexster Graph Server

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CitusHeroicKingbaseLevelDBTitan
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