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DBMS > Citus vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Oracle Rdb vs. RocksDB vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison Citus vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Oracle Rdb vs. RocksDB vs. XTDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCitus  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Rdb  Xexclude from comparisonRocksDB  Xexclude from comparisonXTDB infoformerly named Crux  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Embeddable persistent key-value store optimized for fast storage (flash and RAM)A general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value storeDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.13
Rank#117  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score2.69
Rank#101  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score1.04
Rank#184  Overall
#84  Relational DBMS
Score2.84
Rank#97  Overall
#16  Key-value stores
Score0.13
Rank#330  Overall
#45  Document stores
Websitewww.citusdata.comcloud.google.com/­spannerwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­rdb.htmlrocksdb.orggithub.com/­xtdb/­xtdb
www.xtdb.com
Technical documentationdocs.citusdata.comcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docswww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­rdb-doc.htmlgithub.com/­facebook/­rocksdb/­wikiwww.xtdb.com/­docs
DeveloperGoogleOracle, originally developed by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC)Facebook, Inc.Juxt Ltd.
Initial release20102017198420132019
Current release8.1, December 20187.4.1.1, 20219.4.0, June 20241.19, September 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availablecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoMIT License
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageCC++Clojure
Server operating systemsLinuxhostedHP Open VMSLinuxAll OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux
Data schemeyesyesFlexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)schema-freeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesnoyes, extensible-data-notation format
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalitynononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yesnolimited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
C++ API
Java API
HTTP REST
JDBC
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
C++
Go
Java
Perl
Python
Ruby
Clojure
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.nonono
Triggersyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardinghorizontal partitioningnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.yesyes, each node contains all data
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolationyes, on a single nodeyesACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)no

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More resources
CitusGoogle Cloud SpannerOracle RdbRocksDBXTDB infoformerly named Crux
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