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DBMS > Citus vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Newts vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison Citus vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Newts vs. TimesTen

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCitus  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Datastore  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonNewts  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLAutomatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud PlatformFully managed big data interactive analytics platformTime Series DBMS based on CassandraIn-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedTime Series DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.15
Rank#123  Overall
#60  Relational DBMS
Score4.49
Rank#79  Overall
#12  Document stores
Score5.16
Rank#69  Overall
#37  Relational DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#396  Overall
#42  Time Series DBMS
Score1.35
Rank#165  Overall
#75  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.citusdata.comcloud.google.com/­datastoreazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-exploreropennms.github.io/­newtswww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.html
Technical documentationdocs.citusdata.comcloud.google.com/­datastore/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorergithub.com/­OpenNMS/­newts/­wikidocs.oracle.com/­database/­timesten-18.1
DeveloperGoogleMicrosoftOpenNMS GroupOracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005
Initial release20102008201920141998
Current release8.1, December 2018cloud service with continuous releases11 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availablecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageCJava
Server operating systemsLinuxhostedhostedLinux
OS X
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)schema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes, details hereyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalitynoyesnono
Secondary indexesyesyesall fields are automatically indexednoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsSQL-like query language (GQL)Kusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetnoyes
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
HTTP REST
Java API
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
JavaC
C++
Java
PL/SQL
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.using Google App EngineYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RnoPL/SQL
TriggersyesCallbacks using the Google Apps Engineyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicynono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding infobased on Cassandranone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsMulti-source replication using Paxosyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.selectable replication factor infobased on CassandraMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infousing Google Cloud DataflowSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration infoStrong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Eventual Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyes infovia ReferenceProperties or Ancestor pathsnonoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infoSerializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of TransactionsnonoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpoints
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonononoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Azure Active Directory Authenticationnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
CitusGoogle Cloud DatastoreMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerNewtsTimesTen
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