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DBMS > Citus vs. FoundationDB vs. PostgreSQL

System Properties Comparison Citus vs. FoundationDB vs. PostgreSQL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCitus  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Widely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Relational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.83
Rank#117  Overall
#60  Relational DBMS
Score1.53
Rank#176  Overall
#30  Document stores
#29  Key-value stores
#84  Relational DBMS
Score638.82
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.citusdata.comgithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbwww.postgresql.org
Technical documentationdocs.citusdata.comapple.github.io/­foundationdbwww.postgresql.org/­docs
DeveloperFoundationDBPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer
Initial release201020131989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL
Current release8.1, December 20186.2.28, November 202016.0, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
Implementation languageCC++C
Server operating systemsLinuxLinux
OS X
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-free infosome layers support schemasyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesno infosome layers support typingyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalityyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infostandard, with numerous extensionssupported in specific SQL layer onlyyes infostandard with numerous extensions
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.in SQL-layer onlyuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
Triggersyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensions
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyLinearizable consistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesin SQL-layer onlyyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
CitusFoundationDBPostgreSQL
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