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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Citus vs. Dgraph vs. EsgynDB vs. NuoDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Citus vs. Dgraph vs. EsgynDB vs. NuoDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonCitus  Xexclude from comparisonDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonEsgynDB  Xexclude from comparisonNuoDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSEnterprise-class SQL-on-Hadoop solution, powered by Apache TrafodionNuoDB is a webscale distributed database that supports SQL and ACID transactions
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score14.03
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score2.15
Rank#123  Overall
#60  Relational DBMS
Score1.48
Rank#158  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score0.23
Rank#319  Overall
#141  Relational DBMS
Score0.99
Rank#195  Overall
#92  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.citusdata.comdgraph.iowww.esgyn.cnwww.3ds.com/­nuodb-distributed-sql-database
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.citusdata.comdgraph.io/­docsdoc.nuodb.com
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaDgraph Labs, Inc.EsgynDassault Systèmes infooriginally NuoDB, Inc.
Initial release20132010201620152013
Current release4.1.0, June 20228.1, December 2018
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercial infolimited edition free
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++CGoC++, JavaC++
Server operating systemsLinuxLinuxLinux
OS X
Windows
Linuxhosted infoAmazon EC2, Windows Azure, SoftLayer
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalitynonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsnoyesyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/ADO.Net.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.noJava Stored ProceduresJava, SQL
Triggersnoyesnonoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingyesShardingdata is dynamically stored/cached on the nodes where it is read/written
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsSynchronous replication via RaftMulti-source replication between multi datacentersyes infoManaged transparently by NuoDB
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenonoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDACIDACID infotunable commit protocol
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes infoMVCC
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyes infoTemporary table
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno infoPlanned for future releasesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardStandard SQL roles/ privileges, Administrative Users

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More resources
Apache ImpalaCitusDgraphEsgynDBNuoDB
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