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DBMS > Citus vs. Dgraph vs. EsgynDB vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. GraphDB

System Properties Comparison Citus vs. Dgraph vs. EsgynDB vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. GraphDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCitus  Xexclude from comparisonDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonEsgynDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIM  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSEnterprise-class SQL-on-Hadoop solution, powered by Apache TrafodionGoogle's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.Enterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value store
Wide column store
Graph DBMS
RDF store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.15
Rank#123  Overall
#60  Relational DBMS
Score1.48
Rank#158  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score0.23
Rank#319  Overall
#141  Relational DBMS
Score3.58
Rank#92  Overall
#14  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score3.10
Rank#100  Overall
#7  Graph DBMS
#4  RDF stores
Websitewww.citusdata.comdgraph.iowww.esgyn.cncloud.google.com/­bigtablewww.ontotext.com
Technical documentationdocs.citusdata.comdgraph.io/­docscloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docsgraphdb.ontotext.com/­documentation
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHubMedium
DeveloperDgraph Labs, Inc.EsgynGoogleOntotext
Initial release20102016201520152000
Current release8.1, December 201810.4, October 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercialcommercial infoSome plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourced
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageCGoC++, JavaJava
Server operating systemsLinuxLinux
OS X
Windows
LinuxhostedAll OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesschema-freeschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalitynononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesnoyes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsnoyesnostored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBC
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
GeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/ADO.NetC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.noJava Stored Proceduresnowell-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibility
Triggersyesnononono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingyesShardingShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsSynchronous replication via RaftMulti-source replication between multi datacentersInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesMulti-source replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyesyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)Immediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesnoyes infoConstraint checking
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDAtomic single-row operationsACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno infoPlanned for future releasesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Default Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.
More information provided by the system vendor
CitusDgraphEsgynDBGoogle Cloud BigtableGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIM
Specific characteristicsOntotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
» more
Competitive advantagesGraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
» more
Typical application scenariosMetadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
» more
Key customers​ GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
» more
Market metricsGraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
» more
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More resources
CitusDgraphEsgynDBGoogle Cloud BigtableGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIM
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