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DBMS > Citus vs. Couchbase vs. DuckDB

System Properties Comparison Citus vs. Couchbase vs. DuckDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCitus  Xexclude from comparisonCouchbase infoOriginally called Membase  Xexclude from comparisonDuckDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLA distributed document store with integrated cache, a powerful search engine, in-built operational and analytical capabilities, and an embedded mobile databaseAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store
Vector DBMS
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeKey-value store infooriginating from the former Membase product and supporting the Memcached protocol
Spatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extension
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
Wide column store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.98
Rank#114  Overall
#55  Relational DBMS
Score15.63
Rank#35  Overall
#5  Document stores
#2  Vector DBMS
Score6.35
Rank#54  Overall
#32  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.citusdata.comwww.couchbase.comduckdb.org
Technical documentationdocs.citusdata.comdocs.couchbase.comduckdb.org/­docs
DeveloperCouchbase, Inc.
Initial release201020112018
Current release8.1, December 2018Server: 7.6, March 2024; Mobile: 3.3, August 2024; Couchbase Capella (DBaaS), September 20241.0.0, June 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availableOpen Source infoBusiness Source License (BSL 1.1); Commercial licenses also availableOpen Source infoMIT License
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageCC, C++, Go and ErlangC++
Server operating systemsLinuxLinux
OS X
Windows
server-less
Data schemeyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalityno
Secondary indexesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsSQL++, extends ANSI SQL to JSON for operational, transactional, and analytic use casesyes
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
CLI Client
HTTP REST
Kafka Connector
Native language bindings for CRUD, Query, Search and Analytics APIs
Spark Connector
Spring Data
Arrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
C
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Kotlin
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.Functions and timers in JavaScript and UDFs in Java, Python, SQL++no
Triggersyesyes infovia the TAP protocolno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingAutomatic Shardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsMulti-source replication infoincluding cross data center replication
Source-replica replication
none
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoselectable on a per-operation basis
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infoEphemeral bucketsyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUser and Administrator separation with password-based and LDAP integrated Authentication. Role-base access control.no

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More resources
CitusCouchbase infoOriginally called MembaseDuckDB
DB-Engines blog posts

Couchbase climbs up the DB-Engines Ranking, increasing its popularity by 10% every month
2 June 2014, Matthias Gelbmann

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Recent citations in the news

Microsoft Expands Azure PostgreSQL Moxy Through Citus Data Purchase
31 May 2024, Data Center Knowledge

Microsoft acquires Citus Data, re-affirming its commitment to Open Source and accelerating Azure PostgreSQL performance and scale
24 January 2019, Microsoft

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5 March 2024, TechCrunch

Microsoft acquires Citus Data, creators of a cloud-friendly version of the PostgreSQL database
24 January 2019, GeekWire

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Why Couchbase Stock Is Crashing Today
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Couchbase unveils Capella AI Services to accelerate agentic app development
5 December 2024, Blocks and Files

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Love Data Week '25 Webinar: Big Data in R: Larger-than-Memory Data Analysis with Arrow and DuckDB
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Unlock Big Data Secrets: Master R with Apache Arrow and DuckDB!
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