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DBMS > Cassandra vs. LeanXcale vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Oracle NoSQL

System Properties Comparison Cassandra vs. LeanXcale vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Oracle NoSQL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonLeanXcale  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonOracle NoSQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessA highly scalable full ACID SQL database with fast NoSQL data ingestion and GIS capabilitiesMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSA multi-model, scalable, distributed NoSQL database, designed to provide highly reliable, flexible, and available data management across a configurable set of storage nodes
Primary database modelWide column storeKey-value store
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMSDocument store
Key-value store
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score103.86
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score0.35
Rank#283  Overall
#41  Key-value stores
#128  Relational DBMS
Score829.80
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score2.96
Rank#103  Overall
#18  Document stores
#17  Key-value stores
#52  Relational DBMS
Websitecassandra.apache.orgwww.leanxcale.comwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverwww.oracle.com/­database/­nosql/­technologies/­nosql
Technical documentationcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestlearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverdocs.oracle.com/­en/­database/­other-databases/­nosql-database/­index.html
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookLeanXcaleMicrosoftOracle
Initial release2008201519892011
Current release4.1.3, July 2023SQL Server 2022, November 202223.3, December 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2commercialcommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoProprietary for Enterprise Edition (Oracle Database EE license has Oracle NoSQL database EE covered: details)
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.
Implementation languageJavaC++Java
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Windows
Linux
Solaris SPARC/x86
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesSupport Fixed schema and Schema-less deployment with the ability to interoperate between them.
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesoptional
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesno
Secondary indexesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)yes infothrough Apache DerbyyesSQL-like DML and DDL statements
APIs and other access methodsProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
proprietary key/value interface
Spark Connector
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C
Java
Scala
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
C
C#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javano
Triggersyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infono "single point of failure"tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleyes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionElectable source-replica replication per shard. Support distributed global deployment with Multi-region table feature
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnonowith Hadoop integration
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infodepending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsACIDACIDconfigurable infoACID within a storage node (=shard)
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesyes infooff heap cache
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per objectfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and roles
More information provided by the system vendor
CassandraLeanXcaleMicrosoft SQL ServerOracle NoSQL
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
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Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
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