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DBMS > Cassandra vs. Hazelcast vs. Percona Server for MongoDB vs. PostgreSQL

System Properties Comparison Cassandra vs. Hazelcast vs. Percona Server for MongoDB vs. PostgreSQL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonHazelcast  Xexclude from comparisonPercona Server for MongoDB  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessA widely adopted in-memory data gridA drop-in replacement for MongoDB Community Edition with enterprise-grade features.Widely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL
Primary database modelWide column storeKey-value storeDocument storeRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Document store infoJSON support with IMDG 3.12Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score103.86
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score6.87
Rank#55  Overall
#6  Key-value stores
Score0.55
Rank#253  Overall
#39  Document stores
Score645.05
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websitecassandra.apache.orghazelcast.comwww.percona.com/­mongodb/­software/­percona-server-for-mongodbwww.postgresql.org
Technical documentationcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latesthazelcast.org/­imdg/­docsdocs.percona.com/­percona-distribution-for-mongodbwww.postgresql.org/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookHazelcastPerconaPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer
Initial release2008200820151989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL
Current release4.1.3, July 20235.3.6, November 20233.4.10-2.10, November 201716.2, February 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoApache Version 2; commercial licenses availableOpen Source infoGPL Version 2Open Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
Implementation languageJavaJavaC++C
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VMLinuxFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infothe object must implement a serialization strategynoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)SQL-like query languagenoyes infostandard with numerous extensions
APIs and other access methodsProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
JCache
JPA
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API
proprietary protocol using JSONADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
Actionscript
C
C#
C++
Clojure
ColdFusion
D
Dart
Delphi
Erlang
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Perl
PHP
PowerShell
Prolog
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Smalltalk
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infoEvent Listeners, Executor ServicesJavaScriptuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
Triggersyesyes infoEventsnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infono "single point of failure"ShardingShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleyes infoReplicated MapSource-replica replicationSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensions
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesyesyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency selectable by user infoRaft Consensus AlgorithmEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsone or two-phase-commit; repeatable reads; read commitednoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes infovia In-Memory Engineno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per objectRole-based access controlAccess rights for users and rolesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
CassandraHazelcastPercona Server for MongoDBPostgreSQL
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
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Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
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Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
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