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DBMS > Cassandra vs. HBase vs. Microsoft SQL Server

System Properties Comparison Cassandra vs. HBase vs. Microsoft SQL Server

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonHBase  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessWide-column store based on Apache Hadoop and on concepts of BigTableMicrosofts flagship relational DBMS
Primary database modelWide column storeWide column storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score104.59
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score31.60
Rank#26  Overall
#2  Wide column stores
Score845.81
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Websitecassandra.apache.orghbase.apache.orgwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-server
Technical documentationcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latesthbase.apache.org/­book.htmllearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-server
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by PowersetMicrosoft
Initial release200820081989
Current release4.1.3, July 20232.3.4, January 2021SQL Server 2022, November 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoApache version 2commercial inforestricted free version is available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.
Implementation languageJavaJavaC++
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Unix
Windows infousing Cygwin
Linux
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-free, schema definition possibleyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesoptions to bring your own types, AVROyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes
Secondary indexesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)noyes
APIs and other access methodsProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
Java API
RESTful HTTP API
Thrift
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C
C#
C++
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infoCoprocessors in JavaTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java
Triggersyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infono "single point of failure"Shardingtables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Immediate Consistency or Eventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsSingle row ACID (across millions of columns)ACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per objectAccess Control Lists (ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABACfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
CassandraHBaseMicrosoft SQL Server
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
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Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
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Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
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