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DBMS > Cassandra vs. GraphDB vs. LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB

System Properties Comparison Cassandra vs. GraphDB vs. LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIM  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessEnterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesGlobally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service
Primary database modelWide column storeGraph DBMS
RDF store
Key-value storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score103.86
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score3.10
Rank#100  Overall
#7  Graph DBMS
#4  RDF stores
Score2.75
Rank#107  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score29.85
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Websitecassandra.apache.orgwww.ontotext.comgithub.com/­google/­leveldbazure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-db
Technical documentationcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestgraphdb.ontotext.com/­documentationgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mdlearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-db
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHubMedium
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookOntotextGoogleMicrosoft
Initial release2008200020112014
Current release4.1.3, July 202310.4, October 20231.23, February 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2commercial infoSome plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourcedOpen Source infoBSDcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.
Implementation languageJavaJavaC++
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows
Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
hosted
Data schemeschema-freeschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapesschema-freeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyes infoJSON types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexesnoyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by default
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)stored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBCnoSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
GeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1
DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnowell-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibilitynoJavaScript
TriggersyesnonoJavaScript
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infono "single point of failure"nonenoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleMulti-source replicationnoneyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnonowith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Immediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)Immediate ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoConstraint checkingnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsACIDnoMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.no
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per objectDefault Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.noAccess rights can be defined down to the item level
More information provided by the system vendor
CassandraGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMLevelDBMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
» more
Ontotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
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Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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GraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
» more
Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Metadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
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Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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​ GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
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Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
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GraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
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Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
» more
GraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
» more
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