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DBMS > Cassandra vs. GraphDB vs. HEAVY.AI vs. Kinetica vs. TiDB

System Properties Comparison Cassandra vs. GraphDB vs. HEAVY.AI vs. Kinetica vs. TiDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIM  Xexclude from comparisonHEAVY.AI infoFormerly named 'OmniSci', rebranded to 'HEAVY.AI' in March 2022  Xexclude from comparisonKinetica  Xexclude from comparisonTiDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessEnterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.A high performance, column-oriented RDBMS, specifically developed to harness the massive parallelism of modern CPU and GPU hardwareFully vectorized database across both GPUs and CPUsTiDB is an open source distributed SQL database that supports Hybrid Transactional/Analytical Processing (HTAP) workloads. It is MySQL compatible and features horizontal scalability, strong consistency, and high availability.
Primary database modelWide column storeGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Spatial DBMSSpatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Document store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score103.86
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score3.10
Rank#100  Overall
#7  Graph DBMS
#4  RDF stores
Score2.10
Rank#126  Overall
#61  Relational DBMS
Score0.69
Rank#234  Overall
#107  Relational DBMS
Score4.94
Rank#72  Overall
#40  Relational DBMS
Websitecassandra.apache.orgwww.ontotext.comgithub.com/­heavyai/­heavydb
www.heavy.ai
www.kinetica.compingcap.com
Technical documentationcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestgraphdb.ontotext.com/­documentationdocs.heavy.aidocs.kinetica.comdocs.pingcap.com/­tidb/­stable
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHubMedium
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookOntotextHEAVY.AI, Inc.KineticaPingCAP, Inc.
Initial release20082000201620122016
Current release4.1.3, July 202310.4, October 20235.10, January 20227.1, August 20217.6.0, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2commercial infoSome plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourcedOpen Source infoApache Version 2; enterprise edition availablecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.TiDB Cloud: Fully-managed TiDB Service. Bring everything great about TiDB to the cloud.
Implementation languageJavaJavaC++ and CUDAC, C++Go, Rust
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows
LinuxLinuxLinux
Data schemeschema-freeschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononono
Secondary indexesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)stored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBCyesSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes
APIs and other access methodsProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
GeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1
JDBC
ODBC
Thrift
Vega
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
GORM
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
SQLAlchemy
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/Thrift
Python
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnowell-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibilitynouser defined functionsno
Triggersyesnonoyes infotriggers when inserted values for one or more columns fall within a specified rangeno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infono "single point of failure"noneSharding infoRound robinShardinghorizontal partitioning (by key range)
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleMulti-source replicationMulti-source replicationSource-replica replicationUsing Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnononoyes infowith TiSpark Connector
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Immediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoConstraint checkingnoyesyes infofull support since version 6.6
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsACIDnonoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes infoGPU vRAM or System RAMno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per objectDefault Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and roles on table levelFine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
CassandraGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMHEAVY.AI infoFormerly named 'OmniSci', rebranded to 'HEAVY.AI' in March 2022KineticaTiDB
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
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Ontotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
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TiDB is an advanced open-source, distributed SQL database for modern application...
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Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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GraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
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- HORIZONTAL SCALING : TiDB grants total transparency into your data workloads without...
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Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Metadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
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TiDB is ideal for transactional applications that require extreme scalability and...
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Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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​ GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
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Block, Pinterest, Catalyst, Bolt, Flipkart, Capcom, Shopee (E-commerce), JD Cloud...
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Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
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GraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
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34K+ GitHub stars 5K+ members in TiDB Community Slack 1K+ community contributors...
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Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
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GraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
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TiDB Community : Free open source software (Apache 2.0) TiDB Self-Hosted : Enterprise...
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