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DBMS > Apache Cassandra vs. GigaSpaces vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Oracle vs. Sqrrl

System Properties Comparison Apache Cassandra vs. GigaSpaces vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Oracle vs. Sqrrl

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Cassandra  Xexclude from comparisonGigaSpaces  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonOracle  Xexclude from comparisonSqrrl  Xexclude from comparison
Sqrrl has been acquired by Amazon and became a part of Amazon Web Services. It has been removed from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessHigh performance in-memory data grid platform, powering three products: Smart Cache, Smart ODS (Operational Data Store), Smart Augmented TransactionsFully managed big data interactive analytics platformWidely used RDBMSAdaptable, secure NoSQL built on Apache Accumulo
Primary database modelWide column storeDocument store
Object oriented DBMS infoValues are user defined objects
Relational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Graph DBMS
Search engine
Document store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS infosince Oracle 23
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score98.94
Rank#11  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score0.91
Rank#197  Overall
#33  Document stores
#7  Object oriented DBMS
Score3.28
Rank#83  Overall
#45  Relational DBMS
Score1286.59
Rank#1  Overall
#1  Relational DBMS
Websitecassandra.apache.orgwww.gigaspaces.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.oracle.com/­databasesqrrl.com
Technical documentationcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestdocs.gigaspaces.com/­latest/­landing.htmldocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdocs.oracle.com/­en/­database
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookGigaspaces TechnologiesMicrosoftOracleAmazon infooriginally Sqrrl Data, Inc.
Initial release20082000201919802012
Current release5.0-rc1, July 202415.5, September 2020cloud service with continuous releases23c, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoApache Version 2; Commercial licenses availablecommercialcommercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.
Implementation languageJavaJava, C++, .NetC and C++Java
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
hostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
Linux
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes infoSchemaless in JSON and XML columnsschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono infoXML can be used for describing objects metadatayesyes
Secondary indexesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyesall fields are automatically indexedyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)SQL-99 for query and DML statementsKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyes infowith proprietary extensionsno
APIs and other access methodsProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
GigaSpaces LRMI
Hibernate
JCache
JDBC
JPA
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Accumulo Shell
Java API
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Thrift
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C++
Java
Python
Scala
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic
Actionscript
C infousing GLib
C#
C++
Cocoa
Delphi
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyesYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RPL/SQL infoalso stored procedures in Java possibleno
Triggersyesyes, event driven architectureyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infono "single point of failure"ShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding, horizontal partitioningSharding infomaking use of Hadoop
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleMulti-source replication infosynchronous or asynchronous
Source-replica replication infosynchronous or asynchronous
yes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
selectable replication factor infomaking use of Hadoop
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesyes infoMap-Reduce pattern can be built with XAP task executorsSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno infocan be realized in PL/SQLyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable: ALL, QUORUM, ANYEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency infoDocument store kept consistent with combination of global timestamping, row-level transactions, and server-side consistency resolution.
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsACIDnoACID infoisolation level can be parameterizedAtomic updates per row, document, or graph entity
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnoyes infoVersion 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per objectRole-based access controlAzure Active Directory Authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardCell-level Security, Data-Centric Security, Role-Based Access Control (RBAC), Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC)
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache CassandraGigaSpacesMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerOracleSqrrl
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
» more
Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
» more
Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
» more
Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
» more
Market metricsApache Cassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
» more
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